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• W2003840674 abstract "La rougeole est une maladie très contagieuse, dont l’éradication nécessite une couverture vaccinale supérieure à 95 % à travers le monde. Malgré les mesures importantes déployées par l’OMS, ces chiffres ne sont pas atteints, et des vagues épidémiques sont et peuvent à nouveau réapparaître dans plusieurs régions du monde, et notamment en Europe. En France, 22 000 cas ont été recensés entre 2009 et 2011, touchant majoritairement les très jeunes enfants et les adultes jeunes, populations non ou insuffisamment vaccinées. Même si l’incidence a nettement baissé en 2012, la maladie reste présente sur le territoire français, notamment dans le sud de la France, obligeant tout clinicien à être alerte concernant les symptômes de la maladie et ses complications. Outre l’éruption fébrile, la rougeole est fréquemment responsable de pneumonie tant chez l’enfant que chez l’adulte, alors que l’hépatite biologique semble être une complication propre à l’adulte. Il faut savoir prêter une attention particulière à certains terrains, telle que l’immunodépression cellulaire, qui est à fort risque d’encéphalite aiguë, alors que la grossesse augmente le risque de pneumonie. Les formes frustes chez les patients préalablement vaccinés sont à risque identique de complications, mais ne sont pas contagieuses. Le diagnostic de rougeole, bien que clinique, nécessite une confirmation biologique et la sérologie reste l’examen de référence. Malgré une évolution le plus souvent spontanément favorable, la rougeole peut être mal tolérée même en l’absence de complications, et requiert un taux d’hospitalisation non négligeable. Le seul moyen de s’en protéger reste celui d’une couverture vaccinale optimale. Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease, which needs more than 95% worldwide vaccination coverage of 2 doses to be eradicated. Despite an important involvement of the WHO for massive immunization, goals have not bean reached, and outbreaks can occur at any time in many countries, including Western Europe. In France, 22,000 cases were identified between 2009 and 2011, mainly in infants and young adults, which are not or not enough vaccinated (one dose). In 2012, even though the number of cases has drastically decreased, the outbreak is still going on, especially in South of France. That is why every clinician needs to be concerned about the clinical manifestations of the disease, and its complications. Besides a febrile rash, measles is often responsible of pneumonia and biologic hepatitis in adults. Hepatitis does not seem frequent in children. Clinicians need to be aware of specific complications, like encephalitis in case of cellular immunodepression, high risk of pneumonia in pregnant women. In patients previously vaccinated, incidence of complications is the same but patients are not contagious. Even if measles diagnosis is clinical, blood confirmation by serology is recommended in France when possible. Outcome is mainly favourable, but measles is not well-tolerated with high levels of hospitalisation even without any complication. Vaccination is the only way to protect against it." @default.
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• W2003840674 date "2015-05-01" @default.
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• W2003840674 title "Actualité de la rougeole" @default.
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• W2003840674 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2014.10.362" @default.
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