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• W2004021241 abstract "Mafic lavas (high-K basalts and shoshonites) erupted 21–24 Ma ago (early Miocene) near State Bridge, NW Colorado, and now exposed on Yarmony Mountain, were related to the initial phase of extension in the northernmost section of the Rio Grande Rift. The volcanism was of small volume, consisting of eleven flows on Yarmony Mountain, although much more voluminous contemporaneous lavas occur 50 km to the west. All eleven flows have been analysed comprehensively for major and trace elements, and five of the flows for Nd and Sr isotopes. Some samples experienced post-eruptive carbonation and leaching of alkali elements; the effects of these processes on normative compositions are examined, and it is suggested that major-element abundances are sufficiently well preserved to be fairly sure that the magmas experienced fractional crystallization at pressures appropriate for the mid-lower part of the crust. Most of the basalts are chemically closely related, and have the following characteristics: (1) they are depleted in Nb and Ta relative to LREE, a feature of volcanic arc magmas; (2) they have lower abundances of Rb and K, and to a lesser extent Ba and Th, for a given LREE content, than typical magmatic arc magmas; and (3) they have Nd and Sr isotopic ratios similar to both certain low-143Nd144Nd oceanic basalts, notably from the Kerguelen area, Indian Ocean, and subduction-related magmas from mature volcanic arcs, notably from the Andes, South America. We argue that the magmas erupted at Yarmony Mountain were generated by partial melting of asthenospheric mantle which had been modified by subduction of oceanic lithosphere during the Cenozoic. The relatively low abundances of the alkali elements appears to be a consequence of depletion of these elements in the mantle source by a previous episode of melt extraction, before that which generated the Yarmony magmas. An alternative is that the mantle source was depleted in alkali elements by a dehydration event, possibly involving a flow of CO2. One of the lavas in the Yarmony sequence is elementally and isotopically distinctive, having higher K, Zr, Ba, K2ONa2O, La/Ta and K/La, and lower 87Sr86Sr than the rest of the samples. It is argued in detail that this is not the result of contamination by any reasonable crustal composition, and that this magma contained a component (∼10–20%) of ultrapotassic mafic magma derived by partial melting of subcontinental lithospheric mantle. There is no petrographic evidence for mixing, and the hybridization probably took place in magma chambers situated in the mid-lower crust." @default.
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• W2004021241 date "1990-01-01" @default.
• W2004021241 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2004021241 title "Geochemistry of mafic lavas in the early Rio Grande Rift, Yarmony Mountain, Colorado, U.S.A." @default.
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• W2004021241 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(90)90037-8" @default.
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