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• W2005487761 abstract "Contemporary biodiversity experiments, in which plant species richness is manipulated and aboveground productivity of the system measured, generally demonstrate that lowering plant species richness reduces productivity. However, we propose that community density may in part compensate for this reduction of productivity at low diversity. We conducted a factorial experiment in which plant functional group richness was held constant at three, while plant species richness increased from three to six to 12 species and community density from 440 to 1050 to 2525 seedlings m−2. Response variables included density, evenness and above- and belowground biomass at harvest. The density gradient converged slightly during the course of the experiment due to about 10% mortality at the highest sowing density. Evenness measured in terms of aboveground biomass at harvest significantly declined with density, but the effect was weak. Overall, aboveground, belowground and total biomass increased significantly with species richness and community density. However, a significant interaction between species richness and community density occurred for both total and aboveground biomass, indicating that the diversity–productivity relationship was flatter at higher than at lower density. Thus, high species richness enabled low-density communities to reach productivity levels otherwise seen only at high density. The relative contributions of the three functional groups C3, C4 and nitrogen-fixers to aboveground biomass were less influenced by community density at high than at low species richness. We interpret the interaction effects between community density and species richness on community biomass by expanding findings about constant yield and size variation from monocultures to plant mixtures. Neuere Biodiversitätsxperimente, in denen die Anzahl Pflanzenarten variiert aber die Gesamtdichte konstant gehalten wurde, konnten einen positiven Zusammenhang zwischen pflanzlicher Diversität und Produktivität nachweisen. Unsere Hypothese war, dass eine erhöhte Gesamtdichte den negativen Effekt geringer Artenzahl teilweise kompensieren könnte. In einem faktoriellen Experiment untersuchten wir den Einfluss von drei Ausgangsdichten (440, 1050, 2525 Keimlinge pro Quadratmeter) und drei Diversitätsstufen (3, 6, 12 Arten) auf die oberirdische und unterirdische Pflanzenmasse sowie die Gesamtdichte der adulten Pflanzen und die Abundanzverteilung („evenness“) der Arten nach vier Monaten Wachstum. Die positive Diversität–Produktivität-beziehung flachte mit zunehmender Gesamtdichte ab, während gleichzeitig die Dominanz einzelner Arten zunahm (geringere “evenness” bei hoher Dichte). Diese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der negative Einfluss geringer Diversität auf die Produktivität durch eine höhere Gesamtdichte von Pflanzen teilweise kompensiert werden kann. Der relative Beitrag der drei funktionellen Gruppen C3, C4 und Stickstoff fixierender Pflanzen zur Biomasseproduktion war bei hoher Diversität weniger von der Dichte beeinflusst als bei geringer Diversität. Wir interpretieren die Interaktionen zwischen Gesamtdichte und Diversität, indem wir populationsbiologische Konzepte von Monokulturen auf gemischte Pflanzenbestände übertragen." @default.
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• W2005487761 date "2005-12-01" @default.
• W2005487761 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2005487761 title "Density may alter diversity–productivity relationships in experimental plant communities" @default.
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• W2005487761 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2005.04.002" @default.
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