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- W2005702617 abstract "• Dialyzing 5 mM atropine in the VRC does not affect breathing. • Dialyzing M2 or M3 mAChR blockers in the VRC does not affect breathing. • Dialysis of 5 mM atropine and a M3 mAChR blocker increases substance P release. Reverse dialysis of the muscarinic receptor antagonist, atropine (ATR, 50 mM), into the pre-Bötzinger Complex region of the ventral respiratory column (VRC) of awake and sleeping goats increases breathing frequency and serotonin (5-HT), substance P (SP), glycine, and GABA concentrations in the effluent dialysate. Herein, we report data from goats in which we reverse dialyzed 5 mM ATR or specific antagonists of M2 or M3 muscarinic receptors into the VRC. The effects on frequency of all three antagonists were not significantly different from time control studies. 5 mM ATR and the M3 antagonist increased SP sevenfold less than 50 mM ATR. The antagonists had no effect on 5-HT, glycine, and/or GABA, suggesting that the increases in glycine and GABA with 50 mM ATR were secondary to the larger increases in 5-HT and/or SP. These data are suggestive of neuromodulator interdependence, whereby attenuation of one neuromodulator is compensated for by local changes in other neuromodulators to stabilize breathing." @default.
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- W2005702617 date "2015-01-01" @default.
- W2005702617 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W2005702617 title "Evidence for respiratory neuromodulator interdependence after cholinergic disruption in the ventral respiratory column" @default.
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- W2005702617 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2014.09.010" @default.
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