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• W2005939487 abstract "When performing infrared marker-based dynamic tumor tracking irradiation (IR Tracking) with a gimbaled Linac in lung cancer, the target position (Pt) is estimated from the position of the center of gravity (CG) of three or more spherical markers implanted around the lung tumor. This study improved the target estimation accuracy in IR Tracking. The study enrolled 15 lung cancer patients who underwent four-fraction IR Tracking. Four or five 1.5-mm-diameter spherical markers were implanted around the lung tumor transbronchially. Before beam delivery, a correlation model was constructed using orthogonal x-ray fluoroscopic monitoring for 20∼40 s. The three-dimensional positions of the implanted markers were detected on the fluoroscopic images (approximately 200∼400 pairs), and the implanted marker closest to the lung tumor was then assumed to be the target because of poor visibility of a lung tumor on the fluoroscopic images. The target was estimated using the following two methods in this study; the CG method and multiple regression analysis (MRA). The estimated target position (Pe) was calculated from three implanted markers adjacent to the target (x1, x2 and x3) using the equation: Pe = ax1 + bx2 + cx3 + d. In the CG method, three coefficients of a, b and c were 1/3, and constant d was determined as the distance between the Pt and CG consisting of x1, x2 and x3 at end-exhalation. Alternatively, in the MRA methods, the coefficients and the constant (a, b, c and d) were determined with multiple regression analysis, where Pt was the objective variable, and x1, x2 and x3 the explanatory variables. The coefficients and the constant obtained in the first fraction were applied to subsequent fractions. The |mean|+2SD of the difference between Pt and Pe during monitoring (E) was calculated for each fraction. The overall mean (M), systematic (Σ), and random (σ) errors of E were calculated with each method. The log data of 60 fractions were analyzed. Table summarizes the values of M, Σ, and σ in the left-right (LR), superior-inferior (SI), and anterior-posterior (AP) directions. Using MRA, the systematic errors were reduced. Compared with the CG method, MRA improved the target estimation accuracy by 76.7, 88.3, and 80.0% in the LR, SI, and AP directions, respectively. This study demonstrated that the target estimation accuracy was improved substantially by multiplying the coefficients calculated with MRA by each implanted marker position.Scientific Abstract 3569; TableM, Σ, and σ in the LR, SI, and AP directionsCG method (mm)MRA (mm)LRSIAPLRSIAPM1.42.72.30.91.00.9Σ1.32.32.20.60.60.7σ0.50.60.60.80.60.7 Open table in a new tab" @default.
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• W2005939487 date "2014-09-01" @default.
• W2005939487 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2005939487 title "Improving the Target Estimation Accuracy in Infrared Marker-Based Dynamic Tumor Tracking With a Gimbaled Linac" @default.
• W2005939487 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2377" @default.
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