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• W2006027231 abstract "Owing to an almost total lack of information on the behaviour of the waste-derived transuranic nuclide californium in the marine environment and to extend comparative studies on these transuranium radionuclides, a series of laboratory experiments using 252Cf was undertaken to assess californium bioavailability to benthic invertebrates. 252Cf is readily taken up from sea water, reaching whole-body concentration factors of 763 in the polychaete Hermione hystrix, 220 in the shrimp Lysmata seticaudata, 665 in the crab Pilumnus hirtellus and 78 in the bivalve mollusc Venerupis decussata after 3 weeks' exposure. Surface sorption plays a predominant role in the uptake process as evidenced by the large fraction of 252Cf associated with the organisms' exoskeleton, shell and other external structures. Viscera and gills of clams, and gills, ovaries and viscera of crabs were also important sites of 252Cf accumulation. Depuration in clean sea water was a relatively slow process; biological half-lives for loss from a long-lived compartment ranged from 50 d in crabs and worms to 126 d in the clam. The shrimp Lysmata eliminated 252Cf very rapidly due to moulting. Absorption coefficients for ingested 252Cf were high, ∼23% in crabs and ∼97% in brittlestars. The absorbed fraction was excreted twice as fast from crabs (Tb12=18 d) as brittlestars (Tb12=36 d). Exposure of organisms to labelled sediment resulted in low transfer factors that were species dependent (worms ∼0·05, clams ∼0·006). There is some evidence to suggest that uptake from sediments is primarily due to 252Cf transfer from the pore water. Comparison of these results with published experimental data on other transuranic nuclides in the same or similar species suggests that californium bioavailability is roughly equivalent to that of plutonium and americium." @default.
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• W2006027231 date "1986-01-01" @default.
• W2006027231 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2006027231 title "Experimental studies on californium bioavailability to marine benthic invertebrates" @default.
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• W2006027231 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0265-931x(86)90027-5" @default.
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