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- W2006351710 abstract "The drying of solids is a common unit operation throughout industry accounting for about 9 percent of the total energy use in manufacturing. Analyzing the drying equipment selection process and associated energy use is complicated by the wide variety of products dried in industry and the numerous variations in drier designs used to meet those needs. Exact product specifications greatly influence both selection of a drier design and an energy source. Most often the complex mass and heat transfer mechanisms are studied only through pilot or full scale tests, and past successful operating experience is given much greater weight than the prospects for cost savings with an unconventional technology. Energy use in drying is dominated by the use of indirect steam-based technologies. These systems are less efficient than direct fired alternatives, but they assure fuel flexibility and a clean product. They also minimize the chances of product overheating. Natural gas is the second most common energy source providing quick and clean drying, suitable even for food products. Gas is particularly competitive in large volume drying of liquids in spray driers. Coal, oil, and electricity are used in selected markets; coal and oil when contamination is not an issues (ore, wastes)more » and electricity where radiant heating or precise small applications occur. Several new technologies (gas-fired pulsed combustor, electric microwave, and gas or electric infra-red) are entering the drying markets with mixed results. Each provides opportunities to dry certain products more simply, quickly or cleanly.« less" @default.
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- W2006351710 date "1988-07-01" @default.
- W2006351710 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2006351710 title "Overview of industrial drying needs and competing technologies" @default.
- W2006351710 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/prsb.720070315" @default.
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