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• W2006542228 abstract "Treatments expected to increase retinal serotonin levels were found to stimulate melatonin production by cultured eyecups from Xenopus laevis. The monoamine oxidase inhibitor pargyline (100 μM) caused a sixfold increase in melatonin release, and the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (100 μM) caused a 70-fold increase. Both acted synergistically with eserine, an inhibitor of melatonin deacetylation in the retina. The effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan was dose dependent, with effects increasing from 1 to 100 μM. Increasing the tryptophan level in the culture medium had no effect on melatonin release. These results indicate that the rate-limiting step in retinal melatonin synthesis is 5-hydroxylation of tryptophan. Melatonin released from individual eyecups in superfusion culture in constant darkness with and without added 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan was monitored over a 5-day period. Control eyecups released low levels of melatonin, with circadian rhythmicity persisting for 1–3 days. With 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan added, melatonin levels were elevated 10–20-fold at all times, and rhythmicity was apparent for as long as five cycles. This provides a model system for studies of the circadian clock in the eye." @default.
• W2006542228 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2006542228 date "1990-02-01" @default.
• W2006542228 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2006542228 title "Circadian Regulation of Melatonin in the Retina of Xenopus laevis: Limitation by Serotonin Availability" @default.
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• W2006542228 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb01932.x" @default.
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