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• W2006875263 abstract "► A novel neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia is presented. ► Developmental kynurenine treatment results in elevated KYNA levels into adulthood. ► Adults with elevated KYNA levels during development exhibit deficits in cognitive flexibility. ► These cognitive deficits are ameliorated by acute treatment with galantamine. Levels of kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) antagonist, are elevated in the brain of patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and might contribute to the pathophysiology and cognitive deficits seen in the disorder. As developmental vulnerabilities contribute to the etiology of SZ, we determined, in rats, the effects of perinatal increases in KYNA on brain chemistry and cognitive flexibility. KYNA’s bioprecursor l -kynurenine (100 mg/day) was fed to dams from gestational day 15 to postnatal day 21 (PD21). Offspring were then given regular chow until adulthood. Control rats received unadulterated mash. Brain tissue levels of KYNA were measured at PD2 and PD21, and extracellular levels of KYNA and glutamate were determined by microdialysis in the prefrontal cortex in adulthood (PD56–80). In other adult rats, the effects of perinatal l -kynurenine administration on cognitive flexibility were assessed using an attentional set-shifting task. l -Kynurenine treatment raised forebrain KYNA levels ∼3-fold at PD2 and ∼2.5-fold at PD21. At PD56–80, extracellular prefrontal KYNA levels were moderately but significantly elevated (+12%), whereas extracellular glutamate levels were not different from controls. Set-shifting was selectively impaired by perinatal exposure to l -kynurenine, as treated rats acquired the discrimination and intra-dimensional shift at the same rate as controls, yet exhibited marked deficits in the initial reversal and extra-dimensional shift. Acute administration of the α7nAChR-positive modulator galantamine (3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) restored performance to control levels. These results validate early developmental exposure to l -kynurenine as a novel, naturalistic animal model for studying cognitive deficits in SZ." @default.
• W2006875263 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2006875263 date "2013-05-01" @default.
• W2006875263 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
• W2006875263 title "Early developmental elevations of brain kynurenic acid impair cognitive flexibility in adults: Reversal with galantamine" @default.
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• W2006875263 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.01.063" @default.
• W2006875263 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3622758" @default.
• W2006875263 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23395862" @default.
• W2006875263 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
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