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- W2006920463 abstract "without consideration of age composition or of how these patterns varied by stage of career for successive cohorts. The analysis of changes in religious affiliation (in chapter 8) is particularly impressive because the authors were able to measure the relative magnitudes of intra-cohort (switching from religion of ori gin to religion of adulthood) and inter-cohort change. I also wished that Fischer and Hout had consistently clarified the differences between measures of process and structure (composi tion). The composition of population by household type is the consequence of processes of marriage, divorce, cohabitation, and separation (as well as of fertility and mor tality). In this volume, social indicators of structure and processes are presented, but there is little discussion or analysis of their log ical and empirical interdependencies. As Nor man Ryder argued, if social change occurs, because successive cohorts behave differently than earlier generations, then simple models could illuminate the mechanisms of change. Figure 4.3 shows that the course of American fertility over the twentieth century (such as secular decline, baby boom, and baby bust, etc.) reflects the pervasive impact of period on all cohorts. Fischer and Hout are sometimes more innovative than they need to be. In chapter 7, they measure residential segregation with an index of Theil's H. Although I am not an expert on measures of segregation, I can see some of the attractive properties in the H index that allow for decomposition of differ ent levels of geography (region, metropolitan areas, places, neighborhoods, etc.) on resi dential segregation by race, ethnicity, SES, and life cycle status. The problem, however, is that the cumulative tradition of research on resi dential segregation is built on two alternative measures: D (index of segregation) and P* (index of isolation) that represent broadly understood interpretations and that have yielded significant findings. Classical socio logical studies by Stanley Lieberson, Douglas Massey, and Nancy Denton report that white ethnics (from South, East, and Central Europe) were initially more segregated than African Americans in late nineteenth-century northern cities. Following the Great Migration, African Americans became more segregated (indexed by D) in northern cities because most whites desired to preserve their isolation (indexed by P*). The consequence was the construction of black ghettos in every major American city by force and institutional fiat. In an otherwise competent chapter, this key dimension of American race relations was obscured. In spite of these minor limitations, Fischer and Hout have produced a sociological land mark that belongs on the bookshelf of every sociologist who conducts research, teaches, or just thinks about the course of social change in America over the twentieth century." @default.
- W2006920463 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2006920463 date "2008-09-01" @default.
- W2006920463 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2006920463 title "Celebrating 100 Years of American Sociology" @default.
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- W2006920463 doi "https://doi.org/10.1177/009430610803700509" @default.
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