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- W2007402011 abstract "Abstract Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) have been known to exist in the petroleum industry for many years through the well logging operations. NORM was first recognized as a potential health problem as long ago as 1904 in the oil fields of Canada. It became an issue in the North Sea Oil and Gas Production Facilities in the early 1980 and became more widely recognized in the United States in 1986 in the States of Mississippi and Louisiana. Since then, NORM have been considered as a potential radiation source in the petroleum industry which needs to be controlled to maintain safe working conditions and clean environment. In Egypt, the Atomic Energy Authority (AEA) and the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC) have initiated an extensive programmes since 1992. This programme includes radiation survey of the oil production facilities. The results of this survey show a wide range of NORM deposits starting from background level up to some hundreds uSv/h. Accordingly, a NORM control system has been established which can be summarized as follow: ⇒ It is proposed to run a preliminary screening programme (ýPSP) for all oil fields to identify the level of NORM enhancement on each site. ⇒ The PSP includes a quick survey for the radiation dose rate on the surfaces of tanks, separators, de-salters, piping, disposal areas, etc. ⇒ Each site will be classified according to the following categories:- Controlled areas where the radiation levels exceed 7.5 uSv/h.Supervised areas where the radiation levels lay between 2.5–7.5 uSv/h.Screened areas where the radiation levels are less than 2,5 uSv/h. ⇒ Category A, requires:- Detailed radiation survey every 3 months, radiation measuring instruments, assignment of restricted areas, radiation personal dosimetry, supervising any de-sludging activities, training and NORM waste disposal programme. ⇒ Category B, requires:- Detailed radiation survey every 6 months, radiation measuring instruments, supervising any de-sludging activities, training and NORM waste disposal programme. ⇒ Category C, requires:- Radiation screening every 2 years and, training (Optional). The present paper includes the results of the radiation survey, the radiation protection measures taken and the NORM disposal programme." @default.
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- W2007402011 date "1998-06-07" @default.
- W2007402011 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2007402011 title "Norm Survey and Control System in the Oil Production Facilities in Egypt" @default.
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- W2007402011 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/46565-ms" @default.
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