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• W2008098377 abstract "We have examined whether the production of hypertrophic cartilage matrix, reflecting a late stage in the development of chondrocytes which participate in endochondral bone formation, is a result of cell lineage, environmental influence, or both. We have compared the ability of cultured limb mesenchyme and mesectoderm to synthesize type X collagen, a marker highly selective for hypertrophic cartilage. High-density cultures of limb mesenchyme from stage 23 and 24 chick embryos contain many cells that react positively for type II collagen by immunohistochemistry, but only a few of these initiate type X collagen synthesis. When limb mesenchyme cells are cultured in or on hydrated collagen gels, or in agarose (conditions previously shown to promote chondrogenesis in low density cultures), almost all initiate synthesis of both collagen types. Similarly, collagen gel cultures of limb mesenchyme from stage 17 embryos synthesize type II collagen and with some additional delay type X collagen. However, cytochalasin D treatment of subconfluent cultures on plastic substrates, another treatment known to promote chondrogenesis, induces the production of type II collagen, but not type X collagen. These results demonstrate that the appearance of type X collagen in limb cartilage is environmentally regulated. Mesectodermal cells from the maxillary process of stages 24 and 28 chick embryos were cultured in or on hydrated collagen gels. Such cells initiate synthesis of type II collagen, and eventually type X collagen. Some cells contain only type II collagen and some contain both types II and X collagen. On the other hand, cultures of mandibular processes from stage 29 embryos contain chondrocytes with both collagen types and a larger overall number of chondrogenic foci than the maxillary process cultures. Since the maxillary process does not produce cartilage in situ and the mandibular process forms Meckel's cartilage which does not hypertrophy in situ, environmental influences, probably inhibitory in nature, must regulate chondrogenesis in mesectodermal derivatives. Similarly, cultured chondrocytes from the cranial part of the sternum of the 19-day chick embryo become hypertrophic in situ while those from the caudal part do not. Based on immunofluorescence and SDS-PAGE of radiolabeled culture media, cells from both regions cultured in collagen gels produce type X collagen. These results emphasize the importance of exogenous factors in regulating the maturation of chondrocytes." @default.
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• W2008098377 date "1986-09-01" @default.
• W2008098377 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
• W2008098377 title "Environmental regulation of type X collagen production by cultures of limb mesenchyme, mesectoderm, and sternal chondrocytes" @default.
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• W2008098377 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-1606(86)90351-9" @default.
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