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- W2008667054 abstract "Abstract In Egypt, truck crops are liable to the attack by the glover looper, Autographa gamma (L.) and the cabbage looper, Cornutiplusia circumflexa (L.). The first was found infesting lettuce, rocket, spinach, radish, cowpea and clover, while the latter was found attacking glover, broad bean, cucurbits, cabbage, peas, Phaseolus , lettuce, spinach, clover and ornamental plants. The two insects were bred under laboratory conditions, on Egyptian clover for A. gamma and broad bean for C. circumflexa . The two species passed through five larval instars, few had six instars on 20° C and 26° C. It rarely hapened that separate individuals reached the adult stage after four instars. Mating was essentail for egg production. Fertilized females living in groups put more eggs than isolated ones. Egg production ranged from few eggs to 598 eggs. The longivity of females was longer than that of the male, sometimes double. Under laboratory's conditions, both species had four generations a year, and their sex ratio obtained was 1:1. Apanteles ruficrus Hal. was an effective parasite for larvae, and rarely those of A. gamma were attacked by a dipterous parasite: Exorista larvarum (L.). Zusammenfassung Zur Biologie der an Gemüse schädlichen Noctuiden Autographa gamma (L.) und Cornutiplusia circumflexa (L.) in Ägypten In Ägypten treten A. gamma erheblich schädlich an Salat, Kohl, Spinat, Rettich, Erbsen und Klee sowie C. circumflexa vor allem an Bohnen, Kürbis, Kohl, Erbsen, Salat, Spinat und Zierpflanzen auf. Die zwei Schädlingsarten wurden unter Laborbedingungen an Klee ( A. gamma ) und Bohnen ( C. circumflexa ) gezogen. Beide Arten durchliefen im allgemeinen 5 Larvenstadien, in selteneren Fällen 4 oder 6. Befruchtete Weibchen, die zu mehreren zu‐sammengehalten wurden, legten mehr Eier ab als isolierte. Die Eizahl variierte zwischen einigen wenigen und 598 Eiern/Weibchen. Die Lebensdauer der Weibchen übertraf jene der Männchen bis zum Doppelten. Unter Laborbedingungen hatten beide Arten 4 Generationen im Jahr. Das Geschlechterverhältnis betrug 1:1. Als wirksamer Parasit der Raupen beider Arten trat Apanteles ruficrus Hal. auf. A. gamma wurde in geringem Umfang von der Tachine Exorista larvarum (L.) parasitiert." @default.
- W2008667054 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2008667054 date "1975-01-12" @default.
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- W2008667054 title "Biological studies on the loopers Autographa gamma (L.) and Cornutiplusia circumflexa (L.) (Lep., Noctuidae) infesting truck crops in Egypt" @default.
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- W2008667054 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1975.tb04182.x" @default.
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