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- W2008878323 abstract "A vaccine is necessary to arrest the HIV pandemic. Inducing the synthesis of neutralizing antibodies by B lymphocytes is the cornerstone for successful vaccination against other viruses. The envelope protein gp120, a central player in the lifecycle of HIV, is a major target for vaccine development. However, the infection was not prevented in clinical trials of a gp120 candidate vaccine that induced robust anti-gp120 antibodies. Candidate vaccines that induce cytotoxic T-cell responses to infected cells were also ineffective. HIV-1 diversifies the structure of its envelope rapidly, thereby eluding host immunity. Like the natural immune responses occurring after HIV infection, the antibodies induced by various experimental vaccines were directed mostly at mutable envelope epitopes. gp120 contains structurally conserved neutralizing epitopes that are essential for maintenance of viral infectivity, but they do not stimulate the production of sufficiently neutralizing antibodies. Evidently, the virus hides its vulnerable components from the immune system. Yet, these are the components that must be targeted to successfully treat and prevent infections caused by diverse HIV-1 strains across the world. Hope for developing an effective HIV vaccination can be found if these milestones are met: a structurally constant gp120 epitope recognized by antibodies is identified and an immunogen that selectively induces synthesis of neutralizing antibodies to the epitope is developed." @default.
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- W2008878323 date "2009-01-01" @default.
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- W2008878323 title "A covalent HIV vaccine: is there hope for the future?" @default.
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- W2008878323 doi "https://doi.org/10.2217/17460794.4.1.7" @default.
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