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• W2009403724 abstract "The effect of substituents either in <i>meta</i> or in <i>para</i> position in the benzene ring on the rate or equilibrium constant is given by Hammett in the form of an equation: log <i>K</i> = log <i>K</i><SUP><i>o</i></SUP> + ρσ or log <i>k</i> = log <i>k</i><SUP><i>o</i></SUP> + ρσ respectively. Where <i>K</i> is the equilibrium constant of the substituted reactant and <i>K</i><SUP><i>o</i></SUP> is that of un-substituted reactant and <i>k</i> is the rate constant of the substituted reactant and <i>k</i><SUP><i>o</i></SUP> is that of un-substituted reactant. ρ is the reaction constant and σ is the substituent constant. From the experimental data of several compounds for the values of <i>K</i> and <i>K</i><SUP><i>o</i></SUP>, and choosing an arbitrary value of one for ρ at 25<SUP>o</SUP>C, Hammett computed σ values for several <i>meta</i> and <i>para</i> substituents in benzene derivatives. However the Hammett equation failed to explain the structural effects in <i>ortho</i>-substituted benzene derivatives and aliphatic systems. Subsequently Taft formulated an equation, <img src=image/10.5923.j.pc.20120206.03_001.gif></img> = ρ<SUP>*</SUP>σ<SUP>*</SUP>, on the basis of the same grounds of Hammett equation, but using the data on acid and base catalysed hydrolysis of esters. Here<i> k</i> and <i>k</i><SUP><i>o</i></SUP> are the rate constants of substituted ester and that of ethyl acetate respectively and the suffixes A and B stand for acid and base catalysis. Taft has taken a value of 2.48 for ρ<SUP>*</SUP> that is analogous to the value of one for ρ in the Hammett equation. The basis and significance for the value of 2.48 in the above rearranged equation <img src=image/10.5923.j.pc.20120206.03_002.gif></img> to Taft ρ<SUP><b>*</b></SUP>was given in this article. This is a very useful lecture for graduate students who are interested in learning structure-reactivity correlations and reaction mechanisms." @default.
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• W2009403724 date "2013-01-07" @default.
• W2009403724 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2009403724 title "The Significance and the Basis for the Taft &#961;<SUP>*</SUP> Value: A One Hour Physical-Organic Chemistry Classroom Lecture to Graduate Students" @default.
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• W2009403724 doi "https://doi.org/10.5923/j.pc.20120206.03" @default.
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