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• W2009698980 abstract "Although biological conservation has traditionally focused on the protection of pristine areas, it is becoming increasingly evident that efforts should also be made toward the maintenance of biological diversity in human-managed ecosystems. We evaluated the potential role of scattered, remnant trees in enhancing ant diversity in agricultural lands within a biodiversity hotspot, namely the Cerrado savannas of central Brazil. Ant collections were performed in, beneath, and away from the crowns of a native tree species growing in planted pastures, soy fields, and in small (<400 ha) savanna reserves. Significantly more ant species were found beneath than 30 m away from scattered trees. The magnitude of this effect was similar in soy fields and in pastures at all scales of our analyses, except at the landscape scale where the effect was comparatively greater in soy fields. Most of the species that occurred more frequently beneath than away from trees nest on ground, indicating that the conservation value of scattered trees goes beyond the mere protection of arboreal ant species. Soy plantations presented a particular species-poor ground-dwelling fauna when compared with savannas, whereas differences in the number and composition of arboreal species were less marked. In contrast, the diversity of arboreal- and ground-dwelling ants recorded in and beneath pasture trees was nearly as high as the one found in savannas. It is suggested that pasture trees can have an important value for ant conservation off reserves, particularly in regions where most of the native vegetation has already been cleared. Embora a biologia da conservação tradicionalmente busque a criação e proteção de áreas intocadas, está se tornando cada vez mais evidente que esforços devem também ser feitos para a manutenção da diversidade biológica em ecossistemas manejados pelo homem. Nós avaliamos o papel da presença de árvores isoladas como forma de aumentar a diversidade de formigas em áreas agrícolas na região dos Cerrados do Brasil Central. A coleta de formigas foi realizada na copa, abaixo da copa e longe da copa de uma espécie de árvore nativa situada em pastagens, em campos de soja, ou em pequenas (<400 ha) reservas de cerrado. Um número significativamente maior de espécies de formigas foi encontrado abaixo do que a 30 m de distância da copa das árvores isoladas. A magnitude deste efeito foi parecida nas pastagens e nos campos de soja para todas as escalas de nossas análises, exceto a escala de paisagem onde o efeito foi comparativamente maior nos campos de soja. A maioria das espécies que ocorreu em maior frequência abaixo das árvores nidifica no solo, o que indica que o valor de conservação das árvores isoladas vai além da mera proteção das espécies de formigas arborícolas. Os campos de soja apresentaram uma fauna de formigas de solo muito pobre em espécies quando comparadas a vegetação das reservas, enquanto as diferenças na fauna arbórea foram menos marcadas. Em contraste, a diversidade de formigas arbóreas e de solo registradas na copa e abaixo da copa de árvores isoladas em pastagens foi quase tão alta quanto aquela observada nas reservas. Sugere-se que as árvores isoladas em pastagens podem ter um importante valor para a conservação de formigas fora de reservas formais, particularmente em regiões onde a maior parte da vegetação nativa já tenha sido destruída. TABLE S1. Characteristics of the Caryocar brasiliense trees sampled in pastures, soy fields, and savannas reserves in central Brazil. TABLE S2. Number of species within different ant genera collected 30 m away, beneath or in the crowns of Caryocar brasiliense growing in soy fields, pastures, or savannas. TABLE S3. List of all ant species collected, and their respective species or morphospecies codes. TABLE S4. Observed and rarified species richness of arboreal- and ground-dwelling ants in different land use types. FIGURE S1. General view of Caryocar brasiliense trees sampled in savannas, pastures planted with Brachiaria spp., and in soy fields. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article." @default.
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• W2009698980 date "2013-05-20" @default.
• W2009698980 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2009698980 title "The Potential Role of Scattered Trees for Ant Conservation in an Agriculturally Dominated Neotropical Landscape" @default.
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• W2009698980 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12045" @default.
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