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• W2010079413 abstract "MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 401:63-76 (2010) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08390 Evolutionary tradeoffs among nutrient acquisition, cell size, and grazing defense in marine phytoplankton promote ecosystem stability W. G. Sunda*, D. R. Hardison National Ocean Service, NOAA, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516, USA *Email: bill.sunda@noaa.gov ABSTRACT: To survive, an algal species must maximize its reproduction rate via efficient nutrient acquisition and assimilation while minimizing rates of mortality from grazing or other sources. In a survey of 11 well studied marine algal species (including 3 racial variants of a single species, Emiliania huxleyi) in ammonium-limited cyclostat cultures, we observed variations in ammonium uptake rates and associated growth rates, which were linked to cell size and, apparently, also to grazing defense. The 5 largest species (10–12 µm cell diameter) had similar low ammonium uptake rates and associated ammonium-limited growth rates owing to diffusion limitation of uptake. Diffusive flux per unit of cell volume decreases with the inverse square of the cell diameter; hence, cells can minimize diffusion limitation and increase nutrient uptake by becoming smaller. However, this comes at the cost of higher susceptibility to grazing mortality. The 7 smallest isolates (2.7–4.6 µm diameter) had higher rates of ammonium uptake and growth as predicted from theory, but there was considerable variation for similarly sized cells. All 4 of the small algal species or isolates that are known to be poorly grazed or poorly assimilated by grazers had unusually low ammonium uptake rates and associated growth rates for their size, which we hypothesize to be due to the high cost of grazing defense. The results suggest the existence of evolutionary tradeoffs between large cell size and grazing defenses (which decrease grazing mortality) and small size and minimal defenses (which promote growth and reproduction). Such tradeoffs could increase the species diversity of algal communities, which in turn promotes ecosystem stability.Erratum KEY WORDS: Ammonium · Phytoplankton · Nitrogen uptake · Growth rate · Grazing defense · Cell size · Evolutionary tradeoffs Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Sunda WG, Hardison DR (2010) Evolutionary tradeoffs among nutrient acquisition, cell size, and grazing defense in marine phytoplankton promote ecosystem stability. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 401:63-76. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08390Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 401. Online publication date: February 22, 2010 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2010 Inter-Research." @default.
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• W2010079413 title "Evolutionary tradeoffs among nutrient acquisition, cell size, and grazing defense in marine phytoplankton promote ecosystem stability" @default.
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