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- W2010470082 abstract "The deposits which were studied at Fond Canonville represent a well-defined record of the 1902 eruptions of the Montagne Pelée. The sections are located at the margin of the valley where six eruption units, with thicknesses ranging from 8 cm up to 2 m were identified overlying the pre-1902 paleosol. The pyroclasts consist of lapilli, coarse and fine ash composed of juvenile andesitic fragments of varying vesicularity, dust-free crystals, dust-free transparent vesicular glass, and accretionary lapilli. Paleocurrent measurements on cross-bedding support the stratigraphic evidence that the flows came down the valley of Fond Canonville rather than up, as was previously proposed. Most eruption units are made of two or three beds, always in sharp contact. The basal bed, relatively thin, contains the coarsest grain size of the unit, is massive or normally graded, and fine-depleted. A thin division of parallel laminae may be present at the top. The middle bed, the thickest in all eruption units, has a mean grain size which is intermediate between the lower and upper beds. It may be simple or multiple. Normal grading is generally present, on which may be superimposed in the upper portion of the bed, 2–4-cm-thick strata parallel to the upper-bed surface or dipping from it at angles of less than 10°. The upper bed, the most regular in all units with thicknesses ranging from 2 to 8 cm, is made of accretionary lapilli set in a matrix of fine ash. A division of parallel and/or oblique laminae is generally present at its top. The characteristics of the deposits suggest that all three beds accumulated from a stratified turbulent flow. Normal grading of both coarsest and mean sizes, sequences of internal structures including laminae evince that the flows were of relatively low concentration and that traction was an active process during the accumulation of the deposits. For these structures to form, the flows had to be turbulent for all three beds of the eruption units. The thick strata superimposed on the graded middle bed are interpreted as having formed by the migration and aggradation of long-wavelength antidunes. The relationship between flow velocity and wavelength suggests that subaerial pyroclastic flows can only produce long-wavelength antidunes with resulting internal stratification essentially parallel to bedding. Short-wavelength antidunes in subaerial pyroclastic deposits require very high flow density, at least close to the bed surface, or low velocity which is unlikely considering the grain size present in the deposits." @default.
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- W2010470082 date "1989-08-01" @default.
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- W2010470082 title "Characteristics of pyroclastic deposits at the margin of Fond Canonville, Martinique, and implications for the transport of the 1902 nuées ardentes of Mt. Pelée" @default.
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- W2010470082 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(89)90032-2" @default.
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