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- W2010668997 abstract "Cognitive control, or the ability to focus attention and select task-appropriate responses, is not static but can be dynamically adjusted in the face of changing environmental circumstances. Several models suggest a role for conflict-monitoring in triggering these adjustments, whereby instances of response uncertainty are detected by the anterior cingulate cortex and strengthen attention-guiding rules actively maintained by lateral prefrontal cortex. Given the continued development of active maintenance mechanisms into adolescence, these models predict that the capacity to dynamically modulate control should be protracted in its development. The present study tested this prediction by examining age-related differences in behavioral and electrophysiological adaptations to prior conflict. Children, adolescents, and adults were administered the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS; Zelazo, 2006) – a developmentally-appropriate task modified so that response conflict varied from trial to trial – as cortical activity was measured by means of event-related potentials (ERPs). Although all groups showed a robust conflict effect, there were pronounced age-related differences in behavioral and electrophysiological adaptations to prior conflict. First, responses to incongruent trials were faster following incongruent trials than following congruent trials, but only for adults and adolescents. Second, ERP components that indexed response conflict, and the cortical source of these components, were modulated by preceding conflict for adults and adolescents, but not children. Taken together, the findings suggest that adults and adolescents take advantage of prior conflict to prepare for the future, whereas children respond to cognitive challenges as they occur. Theoretical implications are discussed." @default.
- W2010668997 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2010668997 creator A5001628513 @default.
- W2010668997 creator A5046361437 @default.
- W2010668997 date "2011-06-01" @default.
- W2010668997 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2010668997 title "The development of future-oriented control: An electrophysiological investigation" @default.
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- W2010668997 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.02.001" @default.
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