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- W2010886047 abstract "To characterize the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) on the primate ovary, including the effects of local disruption of OSE continuity and estrogen on proliferation and growth arrest of these cells. Comparative immunohistochemical analysis of the OSE of ovaries obtained after defined experimental protocols. Antibodies are used that distinguish the OSE from underlying tissue layers, and include estrogen receptor-α (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), keratin, β-catenin, and N- and E-cadherin. Cell proliferation or growth arrest are indicated by the presence of PCNA, phosphorylated retinoblastoma (pRb), or p53 (a mediator of cell cycle arrest and apoptotic pathways). Rhesus macaque ovaries were collected by laparoscopy and handled in a manner to preserve the surface epithelium. Control ovaries were collected and immediately fixed. In a second group, ovaries were gently brushed during laparoscopy to remove the OSE from a portion of the ovarian surface, and collected 2-4 days later. In a third group, ovaries were removed and cultured in DMEM + 1% fetal calf serum, in the presence or absence of 2 μg/ml estradiol (a concentration reported in the periovulatory primate follicle), for 1-2 days after removal of a portion of the OSE. Sectioned tissue was probed with primary antibody and a phosphatase-conjugated secondary antibody, and visualized by a NBT/BCIP colorimetric reaction. We observed a generally uniform pattern of expression of keratin, ER-α, PR, and β-catenin throughout the entire OSE. Both N- and E-cadherin were detected within the OSE, with E-cadherin being the prevalent form; however, each cadherin was absent in some areas of the OSE. The localization of cadherins in regions of the OSE did not obviously correlate to underlying structures (such as a developing follicle or regressed corpus luteum). Markers for proliferation, PCNA and pRb, were almost entirely absent from intact OSE (< 5 cells per section examined). Importantly, disrupting a portion of the OSE resulted in expression of PCNA and pRb by the OSE in regions where the ovarian surface had been brushed. A low level of p53 was detected in the OSE. However, culturing ovaries in the presence of 2 μg/ml estradiol caused a several-fold increase in the number of p53-positive OSE cells. Preliminary analysis showed a nonuniform distribution of p53-positive cells, suggesting zones of enhanced estrogen sensitivity within the OSE. The OSE is a monolayer surrounding the ovary and expresses receptors for ovarian steroid hormones. The absence of markers for proliferation in the intact OSE is consistent with its role as a stable epithelium. Significantly, when a portion of the OSE is removed, the remaining cells show the potential to proliferate and rebuild this layer, possibly a normal activity following ovulatory disruption of the OSE. The ability of estradiol to increase p53 levels indicates potential regulation of OSE growth or survival by ovarian products in vivo. The heterogenous pattern of cadherin expression, as well as the variable response of OSE cells to estrogen suggests this tissue is not as simple as previously supposed. The underlying factors that result in differentiation among individual OSE cells could be significant in regards to ovarian function, health, and pathology." @default.
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- W2010886047 date "2005-09-01" @default.
- W2010886047 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2010886047 title "Steroid Sensitivity and Proliferative Potential of the Primate Ovarian Surface Epithelium" @default.
- W2010886047 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.07.1002" @default.
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