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- W2011228513 abstract "Context abstract: The constraint imposed by the observed atmospheric N2O increase suggests that the IPCC may overestimate the anthropogenic N2O source. The 1996 Revised IPCC methodology, which will be used by Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, predicts that N2O accounts for 10% or more of national aggregate greenhouse gas emissions in many countries. This percentage contribution is comparable to or greater than the overall emissions reductions required by the Protocol. N2O emissions associated with agricultural leaching and runoff contribute a significant share of the IPCC N2O source. The current methodology may significantly overestimate these emissions, with implications for the total IPCC anthropogenic N2O source and for national greenhouse gas inventories. Main abstract: N2O emissions associated with leaching and runoff play an important role in determining both the magnitude and the uncertainty of the agricultural N2O source, as estimated by the 1996 revised IPCC methodology. According to the methodology, leaching/runoff emissions account for over 1/4 of the total agricultural N2O source and nearly 1/2 of the range of uncertainty in the total source. Notably, the observed atmospheric N2O increase of 3.9 Tg N/yr, which provides an important and well documented constraint on the anthropogenic N2O source, is significantly lower than the IPCC total agricultural source of 6.3 Tg N/yr. Several areas of uncertainty in the IPCC estimate of leaching and runoff-related N2O emissions are identified in this review. First, in the current methodology, a default-leaching fraction for fertilizer and animal waste of 30% is recommended for all countries, despite large variations within individual watersheds and agricultural systems. Second, the N2O emission factor associated with groundwater may be overestimated by an order of magnitude. Currently, groundwater accounts for 60% of leaching-related N2O emissions, with the remainder assumed to occur from rivers and estuaries. Finally, leaching fractions and associated N2O emission factors may not be defined in a conceptually consistent manner." @default.
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- W2011228513 date "2000-07-01" @default.
- W2011228513 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2011228513 title "Review of the IPCC methodology for estimating nitrous oxide emissions associated with agricultural leaching and runoff" @default.
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- W2011228513 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1465-9972(00)00013-1" @default.
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