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• W2012502914 abstract "The past two decades have witnessed a surge of scholarly interest within the field of China studies in Shanghai's history and culture. As if in replication of China's exploding economy, this attraction to China's largest city has by no means been limited to the Anglophone world (most nonnative Anglophone westerners who work on China now publish much of their scholarship in English), but has been equally matched if not surpassed in quantity by work in Chinese and Japanese. After examining why Shanghai has become so popular to researchers, I will look at the kinds of work that have been done on the city's history, examine a few recent works of cultural and intellectual history more closely, and suggest a number of avenues for future scholarship.One of the reasons for the attraction to Shanghai history in the West is that Shanghai was arguably the most Western of all Chinese cities before the Communist victory in 1949. Although Harbin with its largely Russophone community of foreigners in China's far northeast may lay claim to that dubious distinction in the prewar decades, given Shanghai's much greater size, it has received the lion's share of attention.1 Many of Harbin's Russian expatriates ultimately migrated to Shanghai after the Japanese occupation of Manchuria from the early 1930s.2 In the 1920s and 1930s, however, westerners and East Asians alike referred to both cities as the of the Orient, apparently on the assumption that Paris was a glamorous, international city. All Western trends, whether in fashion, film, music, radio, or other forms of popular culture, found resonances in Shanghai before they were felt elsewhere in China or often elsewhere in East Asia. At the same time, Shanghai was home to a relatively large Western emigre community from the middle of the nineteenth century. Multinational and multi-religious in composition, this community largely lived unto itself in the Concessions, those areas which by unequal treaty regulations fell under foreign jurisdiction, known as extraterritoriality. One might expect to find a hybrid culture in Shanghai, a kind of Sino-Western amalgam, but nothing of this sort ever really emerged, perhaps because this was never a fullfledged colonial setting. The modern culture that did emerge before the onslaught of World War II and the coming of the Communists soon thereafter was either entirely Western or a Chinese imitation of Western fashions, films, art, and the like.While there is now a fascination with Shanghai culture in Western, Chinese, and Japanese scholarship, westerners in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries rarely evinced more than a passing interest in the surrounding multitudes of Chinese and only rarely learned their language. Business with westerners was almost always conducted in English or through compradors. The major exception among the foreign community were the Japanese, especially members of their larger enterprises, who most often sought to do business directly with the Chinese, necessitating the acquisition of one or more topolects of Chinese. Indeed, the major Japanese conglomerates initially sent representatives to China for long periods of study and language training to break into local markets, especially networks of trade that the Chinese had long dominated throughout the region.3Although home primarily to foreigners, the Concessions also played a central role in the unfolding of Chinese history. Perhaps most significantly, the French Concession of Shanghai (beyond the reach of the Chinese police) played quiet, unknowing host to the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in July 1921. Not surprisingly, while this topic was much more popular among Western (and East Asian) academics in the 1960s and 1970s than it is today, that may be changing once again.4 The tiny schoolroom where that initial meeting took place is now a modest museum - it used to be more like a shrine - but with few visitors, reflecting the changing fortunes of socialism in China itself. …" @default.
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• W2012502914 date "2015-01-01" @default.
• W2012502914 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2012502914 title "7 The Recent Boom in Shanghai Studies" @default.
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