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• W2012604679 endingPage "222" @default.
• W2012604679 startingPage "219" @default.
• W2012604679 abstract "The boron isotope pH proxy in sediment-core planktic foraminifera is used as a tracer of oceanic CO2 outgassing to show that surface waters which derive partly from deep water upwelled in the Southern Ocean became a significant source of carbon to the atmosphere during the last deglaciation. It is thought that ventilation of a deep ocean carbon reservoir in the Southern Ocean played an important role in the deglacial atmospheric CO2 rise, but there has been no direct documentation of changes in surface ocean carbon content during deglaciations. Boron isotope pH proxy data, a more direct tracer of oceanic CO2 outgassing, now show that surface waters — partly derived from deep water upwelled in the Southern Ocean — became a significant source of carbon to the atmosphere during the last deglaciation. Atmospheric CO2 fluctuations over glacial–interglacial cycles remain a major challenge to our understanding of the carbon cycle and the climate system. Leading hypotheses put forward to explain glacial–interglacial atmospheric CO2 variations invoke changes in deep-ocean carbon storage1,2, probably modulated by processes in the Southern Ocean, where much of the deep ocean is ventilated3. A central aspect of such models is that, during deglaciations, an isolated glacial deep-ocean carbon reservoir is reconnected with the atmosphere, driving the atmospheric CO2 rise observed in ice-core records4,5,6. However, direct documentation of changes in surface ocean carbon content and the associated transfer of carbon to the atmosphere during deglaciations has been hindered by the lack of proxy reconstructions that unambiguously reflect the oceanic carbonate system. Radiocarbon activity tracks changes in ocean ventilation6, but not in ocean carbon content, whereas proxies that record increased deglacial upwelling4,7 do not constrain the proportion of upwelled carbon that is degassed relative to that which is taken up by the biological pump. Here we apply the boron isotope pH proxy in planktic foraminifera to two sediment cores from the sub-Antarctic Atlantic and the eastern equatorial Pacific as a more direct tracer of oceanic CO2 outgassing. We show that surface waters at both locations, which partly derive from deep water upwelled in the Southern Ocean8,9, became a significant source of carbon to the atmosphere during the last deglaciation, when the concentration of atmospheric CO2 was increasing. This oceanic CO2 outgassing supports the view that the ventilation of a deep-ocean carbon reservoir in the Southern Ocean had a key role in the deglacial CO2 rise, although our results allow for the possibility that processes operating in other regions may also have been important for the glacial–interglacial ocean–atmosphere exchange of carbon." @default.
• W2012604679 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2012604679 date "2015-02-11" @default.
• W2012604679 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2012604679 title "Boron isotope evidence for oceanic carbon dioxide leakage during the last deglaciation" @default.
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