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- W2013121466 abstract "The formation of estrogens from androgens in all vertebrates is catalyzed by the “aromatase” complex, which consists of a membrane bound P450 enzyme, P450 aromatase (which binds the androgen substrate and inserts an oxygen into the molecule), and a flavoprotein (NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase). Among vertebrates, the two major sites of aromatase expression are the brain and gonads. Given the importance of estrogen in reptile sex determination, we set out to examine whether P450arom was involved in the initiation and/or stabilization of sex determination in turtles. We examined the expression of aromatase activity in the brain and gonads of two turtle species exhibiting temperature dependent sex determination (TSD), the diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin), and the common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Estradiol when applied at stage 14 of the terrapin induces expression of aromatase in the gonad of embryos incubated at male temperatures (26.5°C). The level of expression is similar to that of a normal embryonic ovary. When applied at stage 22, estradiol does not induce aromatase expression in the terrapin. The xenoestrogen, nonylphenol, sex reverses terrapin embryos at 26.5°C. Letrazole, a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, suppresses aromatase activity in the brain at either incubation temperature. Ovotestes are produced by letrazole administration in the terrapin when incubated at 30.5°C. In the snapping turtle at stage 23, gonadal and brain aromatase activity in embryos incubated at female temperatures (30.5°C) is nearly half that exhibited in terrapin embryos at the same temperature. Moreover, letrazole administration suppresses aromatase expression to nearly basal levels. At male incubation temperatures (26.5°), brain aromatase expression is nearly three times higher than at female temperatures, while gonadal expression levels are nearly one third lower. However, the gonadal expression levels at male temperatures in the snapping turtle are nearly 25 times higher than that found in the terrapin. Estradiol administration elevates this level nearly three fold. These data suggest that is not merely the expression of aromatase that is important for ovarian development, but that the level of expression may be more important. J. Exp. Zool. 290:673–690, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc." @default.
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- W2013121466 date "2001-01-01" @default.
- W2013121466 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W2013121466 title "Expression of P450arom inMalaclemys terrapin andChelydra serpentina: A tale of two sites" @default.
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- W2013121466 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1118" @default.
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