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- W2013124539 abstract "With gestures they could have begun language-not protolanguage-but the real thing. . . . Although some may still believe that language has never been other than spoken and heard, the fact remains that the configuration and movement of the hands and arms can resemble the appearance of things and their actions. Language needs both subjects and predicates, and gestures of this kind (not coincidentally) have two analogous parts. W. C. Stokoe and M. Marschark THIS ARTICLE DESCRIBES the predicative verbal system of Catalan Sign Language (LSC) as it is used by Deaf people in the province of Barcelona.1 We also present a historical perspective of the research on this topic, which provides insight into the changes that have taken place over the last few decades in sign language linguistics. The principal differences between these languages and oral ones include the visual character of their linguistic units and the use of the space in front of the signer (neutral space) to describe events of the real world. This space is broadly exploited in the verb structure, which constitutes a complex gestural form that accumulates most of the information in the sentence and the discourse as a whole. For this reason, since the 1970s, descriptions of these verb systems have attracted the attention of numerous researchers. Sign language linguistics, which began in the 1960s, was based on the formalist grammatical categories developed for oral languages and adopted some of the main theoretical presumptions of the linguistic models of the time. However, in the 1990s, the rise of functionalist and cognitive perspectives had a major influence on some of the most recent descriptions; consequently, the initial assumptions are now being reexamined. This theoretical change has also affected the study of predicative structure. Preliminary works on verb typology were conducted in the 1970s.2 Among them, especially in the initial years, are Friedman (1975), Fischer and Cough (1978), and Padden (1983). Earlier works include Padden (1990), Liddell (1990, 1994, 1998, 20003, 2000b, 2003a, 2003b), Liddell and Metzger (1998), Valli and Lucas (1996), Engberg-Pedersen (1993), Wallin (1994), and Meir (1998, 2002), some of which are critical reviews of the pioneering works. For Latin American sign languages, see Massone and Machado (1994), Fridman-Mintz (1996), Dominguez (1998), and Oviedo (2003), all of whom follow Liddell's different formulations. The preliminary studies of verbal classification consist mainly of descriptions of American Sign Language (ASL), while more recent works include analyses of other sign languages. A review of these studies reveals changes in the description of the verbal category. We discuss those changes later on and distinguish between two clearly defined time periods that correspond to two differentiated theoretical trends: one, a formalist orientation based on early research, although this does not imply that this perspective is no longer the object of study (see Supalla 2003), and the other, a cognitive functionalist dimension that aims to explain sign language from distinct perspectives, with particular reference to the observation of specific features provided by a visual-spatial modality (Talmy 2003). The First Classifications of Verbs in ASL As we have already mentioned, work on verb classification for sign languages began in the 1970s. However, it was not until Carol Padden's (1983) research that the proposal to divide the verb category in ASL into three areas took hold. Padden proposes the following classification: a) Inflecting verbs: These are verbs that use inflecting modifications to mark the difference in the person that produces the verbal action, as well as other grammatical morphemes such as number. From a formal point of view, the modifications that occur in these verbs to express information about the participants that intervene in the event are a consequence of changes in the parameters of movement and orientation. …" @default.
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- W2013124539 date "2005-01-01" @default.
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- W2013124539 title "The Verbal System of Catalan Sign Language (LSC)" @default.
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- W2013124539 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/sls.2005.0018" @default.
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