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• W2013662998 abstract "Time-course and varietal expression of freezing resistance (FR) in relation to environmental conditions as well as agronomic performance of winter faba beans were investigated during 5 winter seasons in Northern Germany. Sowing of 6 or 9 European populations was done at a rate of 33 seeds/m2 during September and October. FR was assessed from the lowest two leaves of the plants which were detached and subsequently subjected to artificial freezing tests. Maxima of mean FR ranged between -12 and -15°C in different years. A comparison of the considerable oscillations of mean FR during single seasons, with environmental data gave evidence that (1) a reasonable level of FR (i.e.-12°C) was initially achieved about 4 to 10 weeks after sowing depending on the temperature prevailing at plant emergence. (2) The increases in FR were associated with cool temperatures (daily min. ∼ -5/+5 and max. -0/+10°C), and the decreases with warm temperatures (daily mean ≥+10°C). (3) Furthermore, long periods of severe frosts or temperatures fluctuating around 0° and/or freeze-drying by east winds considerably weakened FR and caused substantial leaf necroses. Varietal rank pattern in FR (Cote ď Or > Hiverna, NP, Webo > Avrissot, Survoy > Banner, Bourdon, Bulldog) generally changed only slightly during as well as between midwinters. Only twice, (i) after a long frosty period and rehardening temperatures and (ii) when dehardening in spring has already advanced considerably, this pattern was completely changed. Agronomic performance of 6 populations was examined in dependence of 3 sowing times at 3 locations in 4 years. While generally 80–95 % of seeds emerged within 2 to 4 weeks and developed 2 to 3 leaves/plant until cessation of growth in winter, the small seeded populations (Avrissot, Cote ďOr) emerged 1 to 2 weeks later. Plant emergence was slightly favored on location I (humic sand), but considerably delayed and reduced by late sowing (mid Oct.), Winter survival ranged between 0 and 100 % and was strongly affected by years and to a lesser extent by locations and populations. A clearcut effect of the sowing time was established only once (the later, the better the survival). Results were compared with each other and to those under controlled environments and were discussed with respect to their agronomic implications and significance for breeding." @default.
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• W2013662998 date "1989-04-01" @default.
• W2013662998 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2013662998 title "Freezing Resistance and Performance of Faba Bean Populations During Winter Seasons in Northern Germany" @default.
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• W2013662998 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037x.1989.tb00711.x" @default.
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