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• W2013804980 abstract "Plant–Microbe Interactions (Vol. 5)Edited by G. Stacey and N.T. Keen,APS Press, 2000. US$64.00 hbk (xii + 323 pages)ISBN 0-89054-260-0There is an old Japanese saying ‘Tade kuu mushi mo suki-zuki’, which means that some bugs prefer bitter plants (everyone has their own tastes). Why do some microbes attack certain plants but not others? Is it because some microbes lack the weapons required to infect certain plants, or is it that some plants are equipped with better arsenals? During the past two decades, numerous investigators have been trying to understand the phenomenon at the molecular level, using various combinations of plants and microbes as models. Plant–Microbe Interactions (Vol. 5) is the latest and the largest addition to the Plant–Microbe Interaction series, continuing the endeavor to chronicle the recent discoveries in this fast-growing field of science.As in previous volumes, the editors have put more weight on the biology of pathogens (six chapters) than on the host (three chapters). However, the three reviews on the hosts are interesting and unique, having the themes of genetics, physiology or biochemistry. Iain Wilson and Shauna Somerville focus on the use of the power of genetics and genomics in the model plant Arabidopsis for cloning disease-resistance genes. Readers will learn how ‘DNA chip’ technology has revolutionized map-based cloning, especially in the hunt for quantitative resistance loci (QRLs). An updated summary of mutants in resistance pathways is also a wonderful asset. The review by Terry Graham and Madge Graham tackles potentiation, conditioning and competency in elicitation. These similar but distinct phenomena have been observed and tested in different systems, and researchers have been using these terms with slightly different definitions, therefore a good review has been long overdue to clarify the issue. The Grahams’ review has met this challenge by focusing on the physiological effects of salicylic acid and genistein. The third review of the host by Yuki Ito and Naoto Shibuya describes hard-core biochemical approaches to isolate receptors involved in defense responses. Compared with animal science, receptor biology in plants is an unexploited field, probably because information concerning ligands is lacking and there is no good system for performing activity assays in reconstituted membranes.In the second chapter, Christine Smart et al. describes the biology of one of the most devastating pathogens, potato late blight, the cause of the famine in Ireland in the late 19th century. In spite of its significance in agriculture, the pathogen remained a ‘mysterious lower fungi’ until recently when molecular tools revealed that it belongs to the oomycetes. Further new molecular techniques described in this chapter, such as transformation and gene silencing, should unravel the mystery of its pathogenicity.The rest of the book surveys the molecular biology of various bacterial pathogens. Sheng Yang He's group discusses the hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) gene cluster of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. These genes encode a type III secretion machinery and pilus components. It is interesting that the Hrp-encoded pilus might enable interkingdom transfer of bacterial proteins into plant cells, as appears to be the case for the Agrobacterium VirB-encoded pilus 1xBacterial type IV secretion: conjugation systems adapted to deliver effector molecules to host cells. Christie, P.J. and Vogel, J.P. Trends Microbiol. 2000; 8: 354–360Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (316)See all References, 2xThe T-pilus of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Lai, E.M. and Kado, C.I. Trends Microbiol. 2000; 8: 361–369Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (82)See all References. The importance of the type III secretion system in the injection of bacterial effector proteins was also highlighted in a recent report describing Yop genes from the human pathogen Yersinia and Avr genes from the plant pathogen Xanthomonas 3xDisruption of signaling by Yersinia effector YopJ, a ubiquitin-like protein protease. Orth, K. et al. Science. 2000; 290: 1594–1597Crossref | PubMedSee all References3. Neil Whitehead and George Salmond now provide us with an extensive overview on ‘quorum sensing’, the communication super highway used by microbes. In the microbe's world, the media contains diffusible chemical signal molecules that the pathogen recognizes as responding to its environmental conditions. The chemical nature of the signals and the regulation of the genes involved are well discussed with >200 references.Another chapter describes the mechanisms of hairy root induction by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. This review is not only for researchers interested in hair-promoting hormones, but also for those who would like to use the bacterial genes as tools to understand the basic morphogenic process in plants. The other two reviews focus on the endophyte of sugar cane and pectic enzymes from Erwinia. Both reviews describe remarkably complex regulatory networks that are worth visiting.Overall, this book is a significant addition to the literature concerning the molecular biology of plant–microbe interactions, not only for the newcomers in the field but also for the experts. It provides a broad overview and supplies many important references to studies in both pathogens and hosts. As the number of volumes in this series increases, we might eventually come to understand why some bugs like bitter plants." @default.
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• W2013804980 title "Knowledge elicitation in plant–microbe interactions" @default.
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