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• W2013944674 abstract "In order to explain satisfactorily the basic features of cancer a theoretical cause of cancer should be endowed with the following fundamental properties: (1) It should exhibit an affinity for cells and induce them to grow while multiplying along with them. (2) It should be specific for cells so that the same lesion is repeated, yet able to change so that many different lesions are produced. (3) It should be able to remain in a latent state in tissues and be conditioned by genetic and surrounding conditions such as those attending old age. (4) It should be capable of existing either in a free or in an occult state. Viruses fulfill all these requirements. Nevertheless the so-called virus or infectious theory of cancer is not at all popular, most workers favoring endogenous theories. Arguments for and against these doctrines are reviewed, especially those centering on comparisons between bacterial virulence and cell malignancy and the nature of the principles changing bacterial types. The most important argument supporting the virus theory is the undeniable fact that a number of cancers are induced by viruses, of which the most interesting in some respects are those of avian cancer. By studying the phenomena attending the infection of chickens from embryonal life to old age the conclusion is reached that these viruses do not differ fundamentally from ordinary viruses, for in the immature host they induce necrosis instead of neoplasia, and in the cancers they cause in older hosts the virus undergoes a process of degradation manifested first by a depression of the malignancy of the tumor (as indicated by transplantability by cells and metastasis formation) and later by unfilterability of the tumor, that is, masking of the virus. Simultaneously with these events the virus may vary in many forms which cause as many different tumors, as shown when foreign species are infected. These phenomena are discussed in relation, first, to the possible existence in cancers of “unknown etiology” of causative degraded viruses which cannot be demonstrated by ordinary means, and second, to tumor regression. The degraded, masked virus reverts to a vigorous, free form by grafting the tumor into young hosts. This fact together with newer knowledge on contagious lymphomatosis is discussed in relation to the mode of spread of chicken tumors. What has been learned about avian cancer and other types of virus cancer leads to an important question, namely, whether ordinary viruses are capable of inducing cancer under certain conditions. This possibility is discussed and an experimental plan of attack is outlined." @default.
• W2013944674 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2013944674 date "1950-04-01" @default.
• W2013944674 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2013944674 title "Neoplastic infection and cancer" @default.
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• W2013944674 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(50)90231-2" @default.
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