FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2015421863> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2015421863 endingPage "R302" @default.
• W2015421863 startingPage "R233" @default.
• W2015421863 abstract "Radiation dose calculation using models of the human anatomy has been a subject of great interest to radiation protection, medical imaging, and radiotherapy. However, early pioneers of this field did not foresee the exponential growth of research activity as observed today. This review article walks the reader through the history of the research and development in this field of study which started some 50 years ago. This review identifies a clear progression of computational phantom complexity which can be denoted by three distinct generations. The first generation of stylized phantoms, representing a grouping of less than dozen models, was initially developed in the 1960s at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to calculate internal doses from nuclear medicine procedures. Despite their anatomical simplicity, these computational phantoms were the best tools available at the time for internal/external dosimetry, image evaluation, and treatment dose evaluations. A second generation of a large number of voxelized phantoms arose rapidly in the late 1980s as a result of the increased availability of tomographic medical imaging and computers. Surprisingly, the last decade saw the emergence of the third generation of phantoms which are based on advanced geometries called boundary representation (BREP) in the form of Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) or polygonal meshes. This new class of phantoms now consists of over 287 models including those used for non-ionizing radiation applications. This review article aims to provide the reader with a general understanding of how the field of computational phantoms came about and the technical challenges it faced at different times. This goal is achieved by defining basic geometry modeling techniques and by analyzing selected phantoms in terms of geometrical features and dosimetric problems to be solved. The rich historical information is summarized in four tables that are aided by highlights in the text on how some of the most well-known phantoms were developed and used in practice. Some of the information covered in this review has not been previously reported, for example, the CAM and CAF phantoms developed in 1970s for space radiation applications. The author also clarifies confusion about 'population-average' prospective dosimetry needed for radiological protection under the current ICRP radiation protection system and 'individualized' retrospective dosimetry often performed for medical physics studies. To illustrate the impact of computational phantoms, a section of this article is devoted to examples from the author's own research group. Finally the author explains an unexpected finding during the course of preparing for this article that the phantoms from the past 50 years followed a pattern of exponential growth. The review ends on a brief discussion of future research needs (a supplementary file '3DPhantoms.pdf' to figure 15 is available for download that will allow a reader to interactively visualize the phantoms in 3D)." @default.
• W2015421863 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2015421863 creator A5026138314 @default.
• W2015421863 date "2014-08-21" @default.
• W2015421863 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
• W2015421863 title "An exponential growth of computational phantom research in radiation protection, imaging, and radiotherapy: a review of the fifty-year history" @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1554817628 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1964165544 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1965346867 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1967027717 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1967958298 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1968739359 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1968741478 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1969216113 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1969626098 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1972143582 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1972516298 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1972999747 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1973919192 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1974363661 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1975159346 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1975802899 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1976711063 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1978275371 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1978330980 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1983494643 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1983512210 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1984042872 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1984768504 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1984966408 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1986481646 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1987394233 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1987947992 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1989399400 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1989901323 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1990019904 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1990398036 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1991203381 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1992100100 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1992191438 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1993155552 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1993533448 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1993861592 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1994239163 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1994462608 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1994943748 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1995212471 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1995987175 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1996131046 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1997241337 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W1997449508 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2001139103 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2004374700 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2006268511 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2006815572 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2007273494 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2008675853 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2008705735 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2009406414 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2010462031 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2011009822 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2011695337 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2012711689 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2013244973 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2013399599 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2014296664 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2014529612 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2014573011 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2015627844 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2015926885 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2017730021 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2018721655 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2020520105 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2021320090 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2023914625 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2023946477 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2027055209 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2027333599 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2027385505 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2028881980 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2033441873 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2035381819 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2035759004 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2037481176 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2038219856 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2038253228 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2039821105 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2040602682 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2041286360 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2041758496 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2042619655 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2043806601 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2045353891 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2045370474 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2049456147 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2049587420 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2051601330 @default.
• W2015421863 cites W2052367475 @default.

• next