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- W2015697730 abstract "Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of organisms with a given genotype to develop varied phenotypes under fluctuating environmental conditions. This chapter provides an overview of the conditions under which adaptive phenotypic plasticity is expected to evolve, and the challenge of conducting rigorous tests of hypotheses for such plasticity. It is argued that advances in the field may be facilitated by focusing on species in which some of the complexity of plastic responses is naturally simplified. Here, the focus is on assessing adaptive plasticity of male spiders in response to spatio-temporal heterogeneity in demographic variables that cause changes in the mode and intensity of sexual selection. For web-building spiders in the genera Argiope, Nephila, and Latrodectus, males rarely mate more than once due to sexual cannibalism, male genital mutilation, and arduous, risky mate searching, simplifying predictions about adaptive phenotypes. Population density, the proximity of mates and competitors, and the operational sex ratio may all be linked to variation in the importance of traits that confer advantages in the different episodes of selection that determine male fitness. These links are reviewed in the context of the biology of representative species in each genus. Experimental studies of adaptive plasticity demonstrate that there are robust associations between pheromone-mediated assessment of social context and male development and behavior. The utility of continued study of these spiders with an eye to comparative studies is emphasized." @default.
- W2015697730 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2015697730 date "1991-12-01" @default.
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- W2015697730 title "Risk of sperm competition directly affects ejaculate size in the Mediterranean fruit fly" @default.
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- W2015697730 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80162-9" @default.
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