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• W2015698941 abstract "Aristotle claims that the most fearsome thing is death (Nicomachean Ethics iii 6.1115a26). In contrast, Epicurus famously argued that death is nothing to us, and so nothing to fear (Letter to Menoeceus 124). The Stoics agreed with their Epicurean rivals that death is not to be feared, but they presented different reasons to support this judgment.1 Epicurus identified the goal of living with pleasure, especially freedom from pain and distress, and evil with pain and distress. Since no sensation at all, neither pleasant nor painful, is possible for the dead, he inferred that death is nothing. It is nothing for the dead, who no longer exist, and nothing for the living, who do not experience their own deaths as long as they live (Letter to Menoeceus 125). The Stoics rejected the Epicurean identification of good with pleasure and evil with pain. The Stoics maintained that life, death, strength, weakness, health, illness, wealth, poverty, beauty, ugliness, good reputation, infamy, pleasure, pain, and other such things are neither goods nor evils but rather indifferents (adiaphora, see Long and Sedley (LS) 1987, i 354-355 [58A-C]). Within this class of indifferents the Stoics grouped death with weakness, illness, poverty, ugliness, infamy, and pain, calling such things ‘dispreferred’ (apoproēgmena) indifferents. This means that although the threat of death in no way diminishes the happiness of the Stoic, it is natural and reasonable for him to choose to continue to live unless and until doing so conflicts with virtue, which is the only good.2 The Epicurean view of death as nothing to a person and the Stoic view of death as indifferent to one’s happiness therefore offer distinct rationales for not fearing death.3 I present the Stoic Epictetus’ arguments that no fears about death are warranted. If Epictetus can persuade his students to dispel all their fears of death, he will thereby have gone a long way toward liberating them from a host of other unreasonable worries that the uneducated typically regard as less scary than death. Consequently, debunking the fear of death is a vital pedagogical goal for Ancient Philosophy 34 (2014) ©Mathesis Publications 1" @default.
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• W2015698941 date "2014-01-01" @default.
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• W2015698941 title "Epictetus on Fearing Death: Bugbear and Open Door Policy" @default.
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• W2015698941 doi "https://doi.org/10.5840/ancientphil201434227" @default.
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