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- W2015878875 abstract "Astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxy-4,4′-diketo-β-carotene) (1) is a carotenoid of significant commercial value due to its superior antioxidant potential, application as a component of animal feeds, and ongoing research that links its application to the treatment and prevention of human pathologies. The high commercial cost of 1 is also based upon its complex synthesis. Chemical synthesis has been demonstrated, but produces a mixture of stereoisomers with limited applications. Production from biological sources is limited to natural producers with complex culture requirements. The biosynthetic pathway for 1 is well studied; however, questions remain that prevent optimized production in heterologous systems. Presented is a direct comparison of 12 β-carotene (2) hydroxylases derived from archaea, bacteria, cyanobacteria, and plants. Expression in Escherichia coli enables a comparison of catalytic activity with respect to zeaxanthin (3) and 1 biosynthesis. The most suitable β-carotene hydroxylases were subsequently expressed from an efficient dual expression vector, enabling 1 biosynthesis at levels up to 84% of total carotenoids. This supports efficient 1 biosynthesis by balanced expression of β-carotene ketolase and β-carotene hydroxylase genes. Moreover, our work suggests that the most efficient route for astaxanthin biosynthesis proceeds by hydroxylation of β-carotene to zeaxanthin, followed by ketolation." @default.
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- W2015878875 date "2012-05-22" @default.
- W2015878875 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
- W2015878875 title "Comparative Analysis of β-Carotene Hydroxylase Genes for Astaxanthin Biosynthesis" @default.
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- W2015878875 doi "https://doi.org/10.1021/np300136t" @default.
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