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- W2016088809 abstract "Areas with shallow water tables comprise a significant portion of tropical forests and have distinct forest structure and plant-assemblage composition. It is not clear, however, how the water table regime shapes the distributions of other organisms. Here, we evaluated the influence of water-table level on ant-assemblage richness, abundance, and composition in a terra firme forest, in Central Amazonia. We sampled ants in ten 250 m-long transects, regularly distributed over 5 km2 by extracting ants from 100 1-m2 litter samples, 100 pitfall traps, and 100 sardine baits. During 1 year, the water-table level in each transect was monitored every 15 d with a 6-m deep dipwell. Overall the abundance of individuals and occurrence of species were lower in areas where the water table was closer to the surface (< 1 m depth) for longer periods (~ 5.5 mo). The number of ant species, however, was higher in transects where the water table was close to the surface more frequently. Changes in number of species were mainly a result of an increase in generalist species associated with a decrease in the number of specialist predators and small hypogeic generalist foragers. Although disturbance by the water table may increase local alpha diversity, only one third of generalist species seems to prefer areas with shallow water table. Áreas com lençol freático superficial compreendem uma grande parte das florestas tropicais e essa condição hidrológica afeta a estrutura da vegetação e a composição de plantas. No entanto, não está claro como a variação do nível do lençol freático afeta a distribuição de outros organismos. Neste estudo, avaliamos a influência do nível do lençol freático na abundância, riqueza e composição de formigas, em dez transectos de 250 m de comprimento regularmente distribuídos em 5 km2 em uma floresta de terra-firme na Amazônia Central. A assembléia de formigas foi amostrada pela extração de formigas de 100 amostras de folhiço de 1 m2, 100 armadilhas de queda (pitfall) e 100 iscas de sardinha enlatada. Durante um ano, o nível do lençol freático em cada transecto, foi monitorado a cada 15 dias em poços de 6 m de profundidade. A abundância relativa de formigas foi menor em áreas onde o lençol freático ficou superficial (< 1 m de profundidade) por longos períodos (~ 5,5 meses). No entanto, o número de espécies de formigas foi maior em transectos onde o lençol freático chegou mais perto da superfície mais frequentemente. O aumento no número de espécies pode ser atribuído principalmente ao aumento de espécies generalistas associado com a diminuição do número de espécies de formigas predadoras especialistas e generalistas pequenas que forrageiam no solo. Embora a perturbação causada pela variação do lençol freático próximo da superfície possa aumentar a diversidade alfa, ela reduz a diversidade funcional da assembléia de formigas. Somente um terço das espécies generalistas parece preferir áreas com lençol freático superficial. TABLE S1. Abundance of individuals and % of occurrence in 100 sampling stations in a terra firme forest, Central Amazonia, Brazil. FIGURE S1. Map of the study region based on Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. FIGURE S2. Water-table level monitored fortnightly between January 2010 and January 2011 in 10 transects. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article." @default.
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- W2016088809 date "2013-07-22" @default.
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- W2016088809 title "Changes in Ground-dwelling Ant Functional Diversity are Correlated with Water-Table Level in an Amazonian<i>Terra Firme</i>Forest" @default.
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- W2016088809 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12055" @default.
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