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- W2016209324 abstract "An initially-horizontal surface in the surroundings to a normal fault will, after extension, tilt towards the fault if in the hanging-wall or away from it if in the footwall. Coseismic deformation of these surroundings can be validly modelled as flexure. Cumulative deformation on geological time scales has been regarded as flexure also, but this has led to the apparent paradox that many observed structures require the effective elastic thickness of the brittle upper crust to be much smaller than its seismogenic thickness. This article presents a possible alternative: that cumulative deformation of the upper crust near some active normal faults may be regarded instead as partitioned into separation of the blocks that comprise their surroundings (through the horizontal component of dip-slip on the fault) and distributed vertical simple shear in their surroundings, which causes them to tilt and takes up the vertical slip on the fault. A generalized profile of tilting near a normal fault, which approximates a parabola, can be derived following two assumptions. First, the brittle layer retains an elastic term in its rheology on geological time scales, such that it resists arbitrary length changes. Second, the brittle layer minimizes its overall vertical deflection, thus minimizing the buoyancy force acting on it. Maximum stress and total strain energy associated with observed profiles of tilting are typically smaller for distributed vertical simple shear, favouring this mechanism over flexure." @default.
- W2016209324 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2016209324 creator A5050285080 @default.
- W2016209324 date "1992-07-01" @default.
- W2016209324 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2016209324 title "Analysis of tilting near normal faults using calculus of variations: implications for upper crustal stress and rheology" @default.
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- W2016209324 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(92)90046-y" @default.
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