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- W2016605209 abstract "Get Out of Gaol Free, or:How to Read a Comic plot John Bruns (bio) Introduction G.K. Chesterton said of Dickens's second book, Pickwick, indeed, is not a good novel; but it is not a bad novel, for it is not a novel at all (109). This is not, appearances aside, a pure expression of admiration for a work whose power and success continues to survive in spite of its readers' demands for cause and effect, unity, continuity, and resolution. Chesterton is also suggesting just how difficult it is to avoid using the word novel. The problem is this: if Pickwick Papers is not a novel at all, then what is it? Just that: not a novel at all. Most critics avoid this problem altogether and simply call Pickwick Papers a failed novel, even as they acknowledge that it might never be more than it claims to be: a series of papers. Like his first outing, Sketches By Boz, Dickens gives us less a novel than what Victor Shlovsky called nanizyvanie, or a stringing together of episodes and short stories. This phrase comes from Shlovsky's discussion of the novel in general, whose origins he found in collections of short stories. The earliest literary works (like Don Quixote) gave us strange, paradoxical characters not because of a need on the author's part to illustrate philosophical or psychological insight, but as the purely accidental result of stringing inconsistent adventures together (Morson and Emerson 274). Dickens, then, might be considered a master of this stringing together. His characters [End Page 25] are held firmly and consistently within character—despite the loose and voluminous chapters in which they are housed. George Orwell, echoing Chesterton's sentiments, says that, unlike our modern novelists, Dickens gives us characters that are finished and perfect like pieces of furniture (166)1 . A Dickens character has no more mental life than a chest of drawers.2 In other words, it's impossible to carry on an imaginary conversation with Samuel Pickwick. We don't want to take issue with his choices, his actions, or his motives. We simply watch him go. The idea of episodic movement, coupled with the idea of distanced spectatorship, does much more than inform the way we understand character in Dickens,3 it nudges us toward how we might read a comic plot. The least novelistic of Dickens's books has paradoxically made us anxious to find ever more shrewd and creative ways of reading it as if it were a novel. Just why this is—just why Pickwick has been called upon to satisfy the need to read novelistically, rather than to inspire in readers other equally shrewd and creative fictional devices—is the subject of this essay. Pickwick is a book that teaches us to read comically, not novelistically. From a Formalist perspective, one might say reading novelistically means recognizing in any given story a host of literary devices that deform everyday narrative in a special way (Morson and Emerson 19). Bakhtin preferred the novel over other literary forms because, so he claimed, it had its own unique language. He broke with the Formalists precisely because the uniqueness of this language was not stressed enough by those who chose to judge novel according to theories derived from poetry. There was, really, no theory of prose available until Bakhtin worked one out. To him, understanding the novel meant understanding how it reflects more deeply, more essentially, more sensitively and rapidly, reality itself in the process of its unfolding (Epic and Novel 7). When one reads Bakthin, one comes away with an awareness of the extraordinary complexities of everyday experience and the manners in which we speak of them. At its best, the novel captures, better than any other literary form, the essential open-endedness of being, of existence. In Dostoevsky, Bakhtin found an author who took the language of the novel beyond the realm of pragmatic plot considerations (Problems of Dostoevky's Poetics 20). Characters could speak without being held to their word, and events could unfold without being read as mere consequences or causes. Another way to understand the term reading novelistically, however, [End Page 26] owes less to..." @default.
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- W2016605209 title "Get Out of Gaol Free, or: How to Read a Comic Plot" @default.
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