Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2016661750> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2016661750 endingPage "358" @default.
- W2016661750 startingPage "271" @default.
- W2016661750 abstract "Pump processes that produce upconversion laser emission in trivalent rare earth ion-doped gain media are described, and the performance of upconversion lasers pumped by these processes is reviewed. Sequential two-photon absorption upconversion, cooperative energy transfer upconversion and photon avalanche upconversion are discussed in relation to the production of visible laser emission. Using Er:YALO as an example, the specific energy flow pathways for each of these pump processes are described in detail. Experimental results are presented for laser emission in Er:YALO pumped by sequential two-photon absorption, cooperative energy transfer and photon avalanche upconversion. The spectral and temporal dependence of upconversion emission is reviewed and experimental evidence for photon avalanche upconversion in Er:YALO is presented. The laser oscillation conditions including gain and loss are related to upconversion lasers using a three-level ion kinetics model. Rate equations are presented that illustrate the impact of various competing pump processes on the upconversion laser output. Upconversion laser emission under Q-switched operation is discussed and equations for optimum output coupling are presented. The design considerations for efficient upconversion laser resonators and pump optics are addressed. Upconversion laser results obtained over the past three decades are reviewed. The laser performance obtained for crystals doped with trivalent Pr, Nd, Er and Tm ions is discussed. Sensitized upconversion using Yb ion co-doping is described and results obtained for Yb-Er and Yb-Ho upconversion lasers are summarized. Upconversion fiber laser development is also reviewed and details are presented for room temperature upconversion laser emission using ZBLAN fibers doped with trivalent Pr, Nd, Ho, Er and Tm ions. The effect of upconversion processes on the efficiency and operation of conventional lasers is discussed. Upconversion pumping involving the upper laser level is shown to increase the laser threshold power and lower the optical conversion efficiency. Upconversion pumping involving the lower laser level of a self-terminating transition lowers the terminal level lifetime. The conditions are described under which upconversion pumping can enable cw laser operation on a self-terminating transition." @default.
- W2016661750 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2016661750 creator A5090099591 @default.
- W2016661750 date "1996-01-01" @default.
- W2016661750 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2016661750 title "Upconversion laser processes" @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1976229888 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1977024402 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1989049132 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1989333050 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1993267280 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1994362659 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1997653260 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1998240797 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W1999458645 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2000285342 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2002486081 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2003991051 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2009905609 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2011844626 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2012973764 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2020839778 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2030729866 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2032307161 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2034839565 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2036178278 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2036950336 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2037936808 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2039643597 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2041631332 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2045061494 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2050201788 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2051771560 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2052669951 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2053247552 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2054755573 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2057471326 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2058058973 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2062781779 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2066510715 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2067596038 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2068509947 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2071962876 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2072477703 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2077861085 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2079765095 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2088177728 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2090432820 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2094764538 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2102539151 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2116508593 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2136294017 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2139687241 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2143261310 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2143489864 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2148578208 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2151368804 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2164382416 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W2264520316 @default.
- W2016661750 cites W3106400404 @default.
- W2016661750 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6727(95)00007-0" @default.
- W2016661750 hasPublicationYear "1996" @default.
- W2016661750 type Work @default.
- W2016661750 sameAs 2016661750 @default.
- W2016661750 citedByCount "419" @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502012 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502013 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502014 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502015 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502016 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502017 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502018 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502019 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502020 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502021 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502022 @default.
- W2016661750 countsByYear W20166617502023 @default.
- W2016661750 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W2016661750 hasAuthorship W2016661750A5090099591 @default.
- W2016661750 hasBestOaLocation W20166617502 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConcept C11630735 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConcept C120665830 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConcept C121332964 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConcept C192562407 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConcept C49040817 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConcept C520434653 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConcept C57863236 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConceptScore W2016661750C11630735 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConceptScore W2016661750C120665830 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConceptScore W2016661750C121332964 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConceptScore W2016661750C192562407 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConceptScore W2016661750C49040817 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConceptScore W2016661750C520434653 @default.
- W2016661750 hasConceptScore W2016661750C57863236 @default.
- W2016661750 hasIssue "4" @default.
- W2016661750 hasLocation W20166617501 @default.
- W2016661750 hasLocation W20166617502 @default.
- W2016661750 hasOpenAccess W2016661750 @default.