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• W2016982708 abstract "Purpose: Microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT) is increasingly used as a nondestructive alternative to ashing for measuring bone mineral content. Phantoms are utilized to calibrate the measured x‐ray attenuation to discrete levels of mineral density, typically including levels up to , which encompasses levels of bone mineral density (BMD) observed in trabecular bone. However, levels of BMD observed in cortical bone and levels of tissue mineral density (TMD) in both cortical and trabecular bone typically exceed , requiring extrapolation of the calibration regression, which may result in error. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate (1) the relationship between x‐ray attenuation and an expanded range of hydroxyapatite (HA) density in a less attenuating polymer matrix and (2) the effects of the calibration on the accuracy of subsequent measurements of mineralization in human cortical bone specimens. Methods: A novel HA‐polymer composite phantom was prepared comprising a less attenuating polymer phase (polyethylene) and an expanded range of HA density inclusive of characteristic levels of BMD in cortical bone or TMD in cortical and trabecular bone. The BMD and TMD of cortical bone specimens measured using the new HA‐polymer calibration phantom were compared to measurements using a conventional HA‐polymer phantom comprising and the corresponding ash density measurements on the same specimens. Results: The HA‐polymer composite phantom exhibited a nonlinear relationship between x‐ray attenuation and HA density, rather than the linear relationship typically employed a priori , and obviated the need for extrapolation, when calibrating the measured x‐ray attenuation to high levels of mineral density. The BMD and TMD of cortical bone specimens measured using the conventional phantom was significantly lower than the measured ash density by 19% ( , ANCOVA) and 33% ( , Tukey's HSD), on average, respectively. The BMD and TMD of cortical bone specimens measured using the HA‐polymer phantom with an expanded range of HA density was significantly lower than the measured ash density by 8% ( , ANCOVA) and 10% ( , Tukey's HSD), on average, respectively. Conclusions: The new HA‐polymer calibration phantom with a less attenuating polymer and an expanded range of HA density resulted in a more accurate measurement of micro‐CT equivalent BMD and TMD in human cortical bone specimens compared to a conventional phantom, as verified by ash density measurements on the same specimens." @default.
• W2016982708 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2016982708 date "2010-08-31" @default.
• W2016982708 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2016982708 title "Improved accuracy of cortical bone mineralization measured by polychromatic microcomputed tomography using a novel high mineral density composite calibration phantom" @default.
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• W2016982708 doi "https://doi.org/10.1118/1.3480507" @default.
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