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- W2017016428 abstract "Toxoplasma gondii establishes latent infection in the central nervous system of immunocompentent hosts. Toxoplasmic encephalitis is a life threatening reactivation of latent infection in the brain of immunocompromised patients. To further understand the mechanisms of entry into the brain of T. gondii we investigated host molecules and cells involved in the passage of the parasite through the blood-brain barrier. First, using microarrays brain endothelial cells were found to upregulate, among others, chemokines and adhesion molecules following infection with tachyzoites. Using flow cytometry we observed upregulated ICAM-1 expression on the surface of brain endothelial cells following infection; ICAM-1 expression was further increased after pre-incubation with IFN-γ. Compared to RH tachyzoites, ME49 tachyzoites induced a stronger upregulation of ICAM-1 and an earlier and stronger IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion by brain endothelial cells. Using an in vitro coculture model of the BBB (primary glia cells and brain endothelial cells) we found a stronger migration of infected antigen-presenting cells compared to lymphocytes (4.63% vs. 0.6% of all cells) across the BBB. Among all antigen-presenting cells CD11b(+)/CD11c(+) cells showed the highest infection rate, whereas the majority of infected cells that migrated through the blood-brain barrier were CD11b(+)/CD11c(-) cells. Infection of PBMCs with type I or type II Toxoplasma strains resulted in similar patterns of cell migration across the in vitro BBB model. In conclusion, these results suggest that T. gondii modulates gene expression of brain endothelial cells to promote its own migration through the blood-brain barrier in a 'Trojan horse' manner. Cells expressing CD11b either with or without CD11c are likely candidate cells for the intracellular transport of T. gondii across the BBB. T. gondii type I and type II strains induced similar migration patterns of antigen-presenting cells across the in vitro BBB." @default.
- W2017016428 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2017016428 creator A5026399605 @default.
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- W2017016428 creator A5051973406 @default.
- W2017016428 date "2011-03-01" @default.
- W2017016428 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
- W2017016428 title "Intracellular transport of Toxoplasma gondii through the blood–brain barrier" @default.
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- W2017016428 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.10.029" @default.
- W2017016428 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4116595" @default.
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