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• W2017176921 abstract "The Maier-Saupe hard-sphere fluid is one of the simplest models that accounts for the isotropic-nematic transition characteristic of liquid crystal phases. At low temperatures the model is known to present a gas-liquid-like transition with a large difference between the densities of the coexistence phases, whereas at higher temperature the transition becomes a weak first-order transition resembling the typical order-disorder (nematic-isotropic) phase change of liquid crystals. Spatial dimensionality directly conditions the character of the orientational phase change (i.e., the high temperature transition), that goes from a first-order transition in the purely three-dimensional case, to a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-like continuous transition which occurs when the three dimensional Maier-Saupe spins are constrained to lie on a plane. In the latter instance, the ordered phase is not endowed with true long-range order. In this work we investigate how the continuous transition transforms into a true first-order phase change, by analyzing the phase behavior of a system of three dimensional Maier-Saupe hard spheres confined between two parallel plates, with separations ranging from the quasi-two-dimensional regime to the bulk three-dimensional limit. Our results indicate that spatial confinement in one direction induces the change from first order to a continuous transition with a corresponding decrease of the transition temperatures. As to the gas-liquid transition, the estimated ``critical'' temperatures and densities also decrease as the fluid is confined, in agreement with previous results for other simple systems." @default.
• W2017176921 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2017176921 date "2009-09-03" @default.
• W2017176921 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2017176921 title "Phase behavior of the hard-sphere Maier-Saupe fluid under spatial confinement" @default.
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• W2017176921 doi "https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.80.031501" @default.
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