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• W2017209510 abstract "The locomotor category of vertical clingers and leapers has been dominated conceptually from the beginning by its small-bodied representatives, galagos and tarsiers. Over the years, great morphological diversity has been documented within the group, much of it size-related. Corresponding behavioral differences remain to be explored, in large part because adequate data on the larger-bodied species were not available. The primary objective of this paper was to characterize the leaping kinematics of indriid primates, the much neglected large-bodied vertical clingers and leapers. We videotaped leaps of four species of indriids at four different sites in Madagascar:Indri indri,Propithecus diadema,Propithecus verreauxi, andAvahi laniger. Video images were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively after importing them into a computerized measuring program. Ranges of motion at the hip joint (a combination of extension, adduction, and medial rotation) probably exceed those of tarsiers and galagos. The foot of indriids usually releases the grip around the support and contributes little or nothing to propulsion, thus supporting the notion that indriids are “hip” leapers. With the forefoot stationary on the support, hindfoot eversion accommodates the adduction and medial rotation at the hip during acceleration for take off. Indriid leapers can be characterized as “tarsirotators” in contrast to “tarsifulcrumating” galagos and tarsiers. Size-related variation in hindlimb kinematics is surprisingly limited within the sample of indriid leapers, although acceleration time (the duration of the push off) does increase with increasing body size. In addition, forelimb kinematics reveal a clear size-related pattern; the smallest indriid species leaps with its arms tucked into the chest—like tarsiers and galagos—and the larger-bodied indriid species use their arms during acceleration for take off as well as to initiate body rotation while airborne. The small-bodied species rely exclusively on their tails for this same purpose. Whereas relative tail length decreases with increasing body size in vertical clingers and leapers, the relative weight of the forelimbs increases and makes their action more effective." @default.
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• W2017209510 date "1996-10-01" @default.
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• W2017209510 title "Body size and leaping kinematics in Malagasy vertical clingers and leapers" @default.
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• W2017209510 doi "https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.1996.0066" @default.
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