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- W2017499269 abstract "Morphological changes of Giardia lamblia cysts after treatment with ozone, free chlorine, or combinations of oxidants were documented using transmission electron microscopy. Experiments were conducted using in vitro-derived G. lamblia cysts. Nucleic acid staining employing LIVE/DEAD BacLight TM was used for the evaluation of cyst viability. Cyst wall damage, plasmalemma breakage, lysis of peripheral vacuoles, and nuclear degradation were main features of cyst injury elicited by ozone or chlorine. Cell death pathways were found to be oxidant-specific. Morphological changes in G. lamblia cysts treated with both ozone and chlorine showed that the preconditioning of the cyst wall by exposure to the first oxidant allowed for easier penetration and increased damage induced by the second oxidant. Taken together, our results indicate that pretreatment of G. lamblia cysts with low doses of one oxidant significantly increases the susceptibility of the parasite to the sequentially applied second oxidant. Key words: ozone, chlorine, oxidation, Giardia, inactivation, morphology, cell death, synergy." @default.
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- W2017499269 date "2004-11-01" @default.
- W2017499269 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2017499269 title "Morphological changes of <i>Giardia lamblia</i> cysts after treatment with ozone and chlorine" @default.
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- W2017499269 doi "https://doi.org/10.1139/s04-011" @default.
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