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- W2017608439 abstract "Context: Reduction of injection frequency as well as localization of drug absorption in the injection site are important requirements in epidural pain treatment. Purpose: Our objective is to explore the production feasibility of controlled release thermoresponsive spray-dried tramadol HCl (TmH) nanospheres for localized epidural injection. Methods: A 24 factorial design was employed to study the effect of some selected variables. Results: F15 having the most extended release (MDT = 89.03 ± 0.76 min) was selected, based on regression analysis, for further investigation and characterization. The selected nanospheres (particle diameter = 832.5 ± 10.61 nm) with good flowing properties (θ = 28.076 ± 1.20) was reconstituted with different concentrations of Poloxamer 407 (P407) solution. The optimum reconstituted F15 nanospheres, prepared using 20% w/w P407, was liquid at room temperature, exhibited sol-gel transition at 37°C, was easily withdrawn and injected using 23G needle. The evaluation of the analgesic effect of the selected formula using hot plate method showed a desired rapid onset, yet, extended analgesic effect up to 24 h. The AUC0–24 h (2998.072 ± 61.830) as well as Emax (200.788 ± 12.123) were significantly higher than drug solution and control while Tmax (2.200 ± 1.095) was non-significant compared to both. Conclusion: the designed formula offers a promising approach as safe depot epidural analgesic." @default.
- W2017608439 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2017608439 date "2013-04-01" @default.
- W2017608439 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2017608439 title "Development and evaluation of long-acting epidural “smart” thermoreversible injection loaded with spray-dried polymeric nanospheres using experimental design" @default.
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- W2017608439 doi "https://doi.org/10.3109/1061186x.2012.747527" @default.
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