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• W201942352 abstract "Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a broad physiological immunity in uninfected parts ofnthe plant that results from local infection by a variety of pathogens. In the SAR response, angroup of genes is expressed that encodes pathogenesis related (PR) proteins of which thenPR-1 protein is the most abundant and is induced up to 1-2% of the total leaf protein. Thenbiochemical function of the barley PR-1 protein is still unclear. The main objective of thesenstudies was to characterize the nature of barley PR-1 protein and evaluate its importance innSAR and plant defence. The following aspects of the PRb-1 protein were investigated:n 1) A specific antibody for barley PRb-1 was raised in rabbit and this antibody was used tonidentify the presence and induction of the PRb-1 protein and to screen the transgenic wheatna barley transformed with the prb-1 gene.n 2) The local and systemic expression of the prb-1 gene and PRb-1 protein were examined innbarley cultivar Psaknon plants following treatment of the primary leaves with either 2,6-ndichloro-isonicotinic acid (INA) or Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei (Egh). A correlationnbetween expression of PRb-1 protein and PRb-1 mRNA was established. Both the INAntreated plants and Egh inoculated plants exhibited a similar strong systemic induction of thenmRNA that was followed by a similar pattern of PRb-1 protein accumulation. Although thenproteins accumulated more slowly and less transiently than the mRNA, they showed similarnexpression patterns. The induction of the PRb-1 protein after INA treatment was tissuenspecific with high levels of PRb-1 protein induced locally in primary leaves and systemicallynin secondary leaves while a low level of PRb-1 protein was induced in crown tissue afternINA treatment but no induction of PRb-1 protein was detected in the roots. INA treatednbarley Psaknon plants induced strong SAR to subsequent Egh infection, the onset of whichnwas correlated with induced expression of the PRb-1 protein in primary and secondarynleaves. These results provided indirect evidence for antifungal activity of the PRb-1 proteinnagainst Egh.n 3) To study the effect of PRb-1 protein on fungal growth the coding region of barley prb-1ngene corresponding to putative mature PRb-1 protein was cloned and expressed innEscherichia coli. The in vitro expressed barley PRb-1 protein significantly reduced thengermination of Egh spores. A direct fungicidal activity of PRb-1 protein against Egh wasndemonstrated by in-vivo tests in which the reduction of infected leaf surface was scored. Thisnassay also showed that the inhibition on fungal growth by PRb-1 protein was dose dependent.n 4) Attempts were made to enhance the resistance against fungal pathogens in transgenicnwheat and barley by introducing barley prb-1 gene and thereby strengthening the naturalndefence system of these crops. Transformation was performed by the bombardment ofnimmature embryos with a plasmid containing both prb-1 and the marker bar gene undernthe constitutive ubiquitin promoter. Four PPT resistant ST0 wheat plants were selected fromn6 separate experiments. In the T0 generation two plants were demonstrated to contain bothnprb-1 and bar genes. In addition, one plant was positive for the bar gene only and whilenanother plant was negative for both the genes. Transmission of the bar and prb-1 gene to thenT1 and T2 generation occurred but the segregation patterns of the genes varied among the progeny plants. Transgenic wheat plants expressed the prb-1 transgene in the T1 generationnbut the T2 generation of these plants failed to express the prb-1 transgene.n" @default.
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• W201942352 date "2001-01-01" @default.
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• W201942352 title "Pathogenesis-related (PR-1) proteins in cereals challenged with fungal pathogens" @default.
• W201942352 hasPublicationYear "2001" @default.
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