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- W2019430926 abstract "This production study explored the effectiveness of F2 × F2 formant trajectories normalized for the vowel steady-state to differentiate the place of articulation of initial voiced stops. A list of CVd syllables (/b/, /d/, /g/, followed by 11 English vowels) was read once by five speakers and five times by one speaker. Measurements of F2 and Fa were made from wide-band spectrograms at onset of the formants and at the vowel target. The rise or fall in F2 and F2 relative to the vowel steady-state was computed and the two transitions were plotted as a single trajectory toward the normalized vowel target in the F2 × F3 plane. The resulting displays reveal that (1) for some vowels (e.g., /a,ʌ,ɔ/) the angle in the plane at which the trajectories approached the target differentiated the three stops; (2) for others (eg., /o,u/) the extent of the trajectory as well as angle was needed for differentiation; (3) for front vowels the trajectories of /b/ and /g/ were consistently different in angle or extent but /d/ trajectories sometimes overlapped one or both; (4) intraspeaker variability was not noticeably smaller than interspeaker variability." @default.
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- W2019430926 date "1978-05-01" @default.
- W2019430926 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2019430926 title "Radial trajectories in the F2 × F2 plane as place invariants" @default.
- W2019430926 doi "https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2016781" @default.
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