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- W2019909376 abstract "I thank Goodman and Einspruch for their thoughtful comments on my paper. I agree that the job of applied ethics should not be limited to worst-case scenarios, but I feel that the issues I raised about robotics in care and in the military need to be dealt with urgently before we sleepwalk into a world of neglect and indiscriminate killing.I disagree with Goodman and Einspruch's suggestion that we should wait for the empirical evidence before placing ethical constraints on the use of autonomous weapons. There is an ongoing and accelerating proliferation of military robots in research, development, and application. What evidence there is about the development of smart bombs and weapons technology since World War II indicates an increase rather than a decrease in the numbers of civilian casualties ([ 1 ][1]). I value empirical methods, but not when it comes to betting on the lives of innocent civilians. Moreover, I am doubtful as to the impact of empirical findings about noncombatant deaths. Until these weapons can be shown to discriminate between civilians and combatants, I believe that they belong in the same class as mines and sensor-fuzed weapons that have been banned by many countries.In addition, I do not regard child-minding robots “as a special case of ubiquitous medical computing, smart homes, and telemedicine.” It is the mobility and exploitation of the children's anthropomorphic projection to create bonding, trust, and attachment that makes robots different from other smart sensing systems. Again, I think that waiting for empirical research to demonstrate psychological harm to children is dangerous. Suspending judgment about possible harm when many empirical studies show the lasting effects of neglect is not a good option.Goodman and Einspruch and I agree that considerably more ethical appraisal is required before and at the time of developing new technologies rather than waiting to see the outcomes. History has taught us that once a technological genie is out of the bottle, we can't get it back in again.1. [↵][2] 1. S. Peterson , “Smarter bombs still hit civilians,” The Christian Science Monitor, 22 October 2002 ([www.csmonitor.com/2002/1022/p01s01-wosc.html][3]). [1]: #ref-1 [2]: #xref-ref-1-1 View reference 1 in text [3]: http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/1022/p01s01-wosc.html" @default.
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- W2019909376 date "2009-04-24" @default.
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- W2019909376 title "The Way Forward in the World of Robotics—Response" @default.
- W2019909376 doi "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.324_464a" @default.
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