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- W2019934940 abstract "Le séquençage du génome humain apporte de nouveaux outils pour l’individualisation de la chimiothérapie des cancers, d’abord grâce à l’identification de polymorphismes constitutionnels des gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme ou l’activité des médicaments anticancéreux (pharmacogénétique), ensuite grâce à l’exploration des profils d’expression des gènes tumoraux et de leurs liens avec la chimiosensibilité et la chimiorésistance (pharmacogénomique). Aux quelques polymorphismes connus de longue date (thiopurine méthyltransférase, glutathion S-transférases) se sont ajoutés récemment des polymorphismes fonctionnels au niveau des gènes codant pour les protéines cibles de certains médicaments (thymidylate synthétase), au niveau des gènes de réparation de l’ADN (XPD), ou au niveau des protéines de transport (MDR1). Par ailleurs, la recherche de corrélations entre profils d’expression géniques et chimiosensibilité a été engagée sur les modèles in vitro du National Cancer Institute et peut permettre des progrès décisifs dans l’identification des patients pouvant individuellement bénéficier le mieux d’une chimiothérapie spécifique. Les essais cliniques, d’abord rétrospectifs, puis prospectifs, se mettent en place pour valider cette approche. Sequencing the human genome brings new tools for the individualisation of cancer chemotherapy, firstly thanks to the identification of polymorphisms of genes involved in anticancer drug metabolism or activity (Pharmacogenetics), and secondly thanks to the determination of tumour gene expression profiles and their relationship to chemosensitivity and chemoresistance (Pharmacogenomics). A few functional polymorphisms have been known for a long time (thiopurine methyltransferase, glutathion S-transferases), but several new ones have been identified recently, at the level of the genes encoding drug targets (thymidylate synthase), at the level of DNA repair enzymes (XPD) or at the level of transport proteins (MDR1). On the other hand, the research of correlations between gene expression profiles and chemosensitivity has been performed on the in vitro models of the National Cancer Institute and may allow crucial improvements in the identification of patients who would best take advantage of a specific chemotherapy. Clinical trials, first on a retrospective basis, then on a prospective one, are implemented to validate this approach." @default.
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- W2019934940 date "2004-07-01" @default.
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- W2019934940 title "Pharmacogénétique et pharmacogénomique des cancers" @default.
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- W2019934940 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2003.09.016" @default.
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