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- W2019941772 abstract "Abstract Over the centuries, progress has been exponential in the scientific and technical disciplines, including tunnelling. For more than 3000 years, tunnels were excavated with iron, fire, vinegar and human sweat. Since then, with the introduction of explosives, the drill, and mechanization of underground work, major progress has been made in the field of tunnelling. Expectations for the future includes: fewer risks, and hence, greater reliability; safety construction sites; lower construction costs; and shorter construction times and lower financial charges in connection with the creation of works. These expectations will only be realized if a new model of engineering is developed that involves the engineer, entrepreneur, and customer in accepting risks and responsibilities. For the last decade in this century, progress may be expected in subsoil macroengineering; management of tasks; interface engineering; and process integration and interpretation; and information technology in underground construction." @default.
- W2019941772 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2019941772 date "1987-01-01" @default.
- W2019941772 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2019941772 title "Introduction to the ITA's open session on tunnelling in the twenty-first century" @default.
- W2019941772 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0886-7798(87)90005-8" @default.
- W2019941772 hasPublicationYear "1987" @default.
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