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- W202007184 abstract "Karst environments are regions where sparingly soluble rocks outcrop and efficient acid hydrolysis creates spectacular dissolution landforms. The release of CO 2 from karst waters to the atmosphere causes precipitation of calcium-carbonate deposits, which, in caves, are collectively known as speleothems. Karst carbonate deposits capture climate and environmental signals in their macro- and micro-morphological characteristics, their mineral composition, and their chemical properties. They can be precisely dated with radiometric techniques and, thus, constitute an archive of climate change for millions of years. Karst carbonate formation is a product of both inorganic and organic processes. The influence of bacteria appears to be particularly important in the formation of calcareous tufa, deposits which commonly dam flowing water at both surface and subsurface. Bacteria also play a role in favouring the growth of mineral fibres in cave moonmilk, a plastic and powdery deposit consisting mostly of water and calcite. The most typical products of deposition in the subsurface karst environment are speleothems consisting of a rigid and relatively fragile arrangement in successive layers of calcium-carbonate crystals, which are here referred to as sparitic speleothems. Stalagmites, stalactites and flowstones mostly consist of calcite, and less commonly of aragonite or other minerals, which reflect events that occurred at the surface in their fabrics, trace-element composition, stable-isotope ratio and organic chemistry. The focus of this chapter is on issues related to the formation of karst deposits and their significance as palaeoclimate archives." @default.
- W202007184 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W202007184 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W202007184 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
- W202007184 title "Chapter 6 Karst" @default.
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- W202007184 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0070-4571(09)06106-8" @default.
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