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- W2021016170 abstract "Infiltration curves were derived for small watersheds in various land use without using relationships of rate of surface runoff, q, and surface detention, D. Relationships between q and D were then determined for both the rising and falling sides of hydrographs and were represented by equations having the form q = K Dm. Appreciable differences in m were found between the rising and falling sides of each hydrograph. These differences are contrary to former findings which were based largely on plot data. Theoretically and experimentally, others have shown that m is 3.0 for laminar flow. Experimental evidence indicates that m is approximately 1.67 for turbulent flow. Values of m, particularly for the rising side of hydrographs, were found to increase as the height and density of crop increased. Most of the flow for such values is in the laminar range. However, such values represent averages over the watershed area and certain portions of the flow occur in rivulets where velocities and depths are greater than the average. This results in a Reynolds number in the range of turbulent flow. Values of m on the falling side of the hydrograph were always in the turbulent range, except for a few values in the transition range between laminar and turbulent flow. Average-flow velocities of surface water detention were determined based on the rates of runoff, depth of surface detention, and the area and shape of watersheds. Relationships between velocities so determined and those actually measured on plots are indicated. Velocities increased with slope and were highest under corn coincident with the greatest erosion. For reasonably similar velocities in wheat and corn areas, erosion was less under the former indicating the greater binding power of more numerous roots. Erosion was also rather low under meadow. Average flow velocities in contour corn-land were noticeably less than those in straight-row cornland. Such cover generally plays in important part in reducing the impact of raindrops, in binding and holding soil, and in reducing the velocity of surface detention." @default.
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- W2021016170 date "1951-01-01" @default.
- W2021016170 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2021016170 title "Surface detention, rate of runoff, land use, and erosion relationships on small watersheds" @default.
- W2021016170 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/tr032i001p00057" @default.
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