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- W202149747 abstract "The principal source of instability in the employment/non-employment distinction is neither imprecision in the legal tests nor the disjuncture between static legal categories and the changing organization of work away from industrial forms since the 1970s. Rather, it is the contradiction between equality and servitude embedded within the contract. The in the United States is a product of the 19th century incorporation of master-servant status relations into contracts for labor services. The legal rendering of master servant authority as contract collapses a fundamental distinction on which contemporary decisionmakers rely to differentiate from other work relationships — the distinction between whether the alleged employer has a right to control the means and manner of the work — the process, as opposed to only a right to control the ends of the work — the product. It creates an ambiguity in between contracting (regarding the ends) and production (the means), or between contractual formation and performance. One manifestation of the collapse of the means/ends distinction due to the contradiction between servitude and equality in is judicial discord over the phenomenon of upfront contractual specification (UCS). In several legal disputes over whether certain work relationships are employment relationships, the written governing the work includes detailed and somewhat comprehensive rules. The alleged employer claims that the contractual rules describe the results and not the It may even suggest that the rules are probative of non-employment, because they limit its authority. The workers claim that the contractual rules are an exercise of control over their work, thus demonstrating an relationship. The contracting/producing ambiguity poses intractable interpretative problems when evaluating claims of control over the work relationship based on UCS.The contracting/producing ambiguity is constant and permanent. The distinction between and non-employment depends on the institutionalization of as a social practice. Legal decisionmakers help to stabilize the distinction by constructing institutional markers that signify or non-employment, such as the bureaucratic and temporal markers of industrial work. The article proposes that decisionmakers often construct and interpose the written contract, and practice of signing it, as an institutional referent that signifies non-employment by purporting to separate contracting from producing and to defend a sphere of independence in production." @default.
- W202149747 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W202149747 creator A5090836836 @default.
- W202149747 date "2014-07-13" @default.
- W202149747 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W202149747 title "The Contracting/Producing Ambiguity and Collapse of the Means/Ends Distinction in Employment" @default.
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